only does no good； but does immense harm。 It disgusts and alienates
from religion far…seeing men of the world； who know it is incorrect and
untrue。 It depresses some of the best of God's children； who feel they
never can attain to 〃perfection〃 of this kind。 It puffs up many weak
brethren； who fancy they are something when they are nothing。 In short；
it is a dangerous delusion。
（4） In the fourth place； is it wise to assert so positively and
violently； as many do； that the seventh chapter of the Epistle to the
Romans does not describe the experience of the advanced saint； but the
experience of the unregenerate man； or of the weak and un…established
believer？ I doubt it。
I admit fully that the point has been a disputed one for eighteen
centuries； in fact ever since the days of St。 Paul。 I admit fully that
eminent Christians like John and Charles Wesley； and Fletcher； a
hundred years ago； to say nothing of some able writers of our own time；
maintain firmly that St。 Paul was not describing his own present
experience when he wrote this seventh chapter。 I admit fully that many
cannot see what I and many others do see： viz。； that Paul says nothing
in this chapter which does not precisely tally with the recorded
experience of the most eminent saints in every age； and that he does
say several things which no unregenerate man or weak believer would
ever think of saying； and cannot say。 So； at any rate； it appears to
me。 But I will not enter into any detailed discussion of the chapter。
＇2＇
What I do lay stress upon is the broad fact that the best mentators
in every era of the Church have almost invariably applied the seventh
chapter of Romans to advanced believers。 The mentators who do not
take this view have been； with a few bright exceptions； the Romanists；
the Socinians； and the Arminians。 Against them is arrayed the judgment
of almost all the Reformers； almost all the Puritans； and the best
modern Evangelical divines。 I shall be told； of course； that no man is
infallible； that the Reformers； Puritans； and modern divines I refer to
may have been entirely mistaken； and the Romanists； Socinians； and
Arminians may have been quite right！ Our Lord has taught us； no doubt；
to 〃call no man master。〃 But while I ask no man to call the Reformers
and Puritans 〃masters；〃 I do ask people to read what they say on this
subject； and answer their arguments； if they can。 This has not been
done yet！ To say； as some do； that they do not want human 〃dogmas〃 and
〃doctrines；〃 is no reply at all。 The whole point at issue is； 〃What is
the meaning of a passage of Scripture？ How is the Seventh chapter of
the Epistle to the Romans to be interpreted？ What is the true sense of
its words？〃 At any rate let us remember that there is a great fact
which cannot be got over。 On one side stand the opinions and
interpretation of Reformers and Puritans； and on the other the opinions
and interpretations of Romanists； Socinians； and Arminians。 Let that be
distinctly understood。
In the face of such a fact as this I must enter my protest against the
sneering； taunting； contemptuous language which has been frequently
used of late by some of the advocates of what I must call the Arminian
view of the Seventh of Romans； in speaking of the opinions of their
opponents。 To say the least； such language is unseemly； and only
defeats its own end。 A cause which is defended by such language is
deservedly suspicious。 Truth needs no such weapons。 If we cannot agree
with men； we need not speak of their views with discourtesy and
contempt。 An opinion which is backed and supported by such men as the
best Reformers and Puritans may not carry conviction to all minds in
the nineteenth century； but at any rate it would be well to speak of it
with respect。
（5） In the fifth place； is it wise to use the language which is often
used in the present day about the doctrine of 〃Christ in us〃？ I doubt
it。 Is not this doctrine often exalted to a position which it does not
occupy in Scripture？ I am afraid that it is。
That the true believer is one with Christ and Christ in him； no careful
reader of the New Testament will think of denying for a moment。 There
is； no doubt； a mystical union between Christ and the believer。 With
Him we died； with Him we were buried； with Him we rose again； with Him
we sit in heavenly places。 We have five plain texts where we are
distinctly taught that Christ is 〃in us。〃 （Rom。 viii。 10； Gal。 ii。 20；
iv。 19； Eph。 iii。 17； Col。 iii。 11。） But we must be careful that we
understand what we mean by the expression。 That 〃Christ dwells in our
hearts by faith；〃 and carries on His inward work by His Spirit； is
clear and plain。 But if we mean to say that beside； and over； and above
this there is some mysterious indwelling of Christ in a believer； we
must be careful what we are about。 Unless we take care； we shall find
ourselves ignoring the work of the Holy Ghost。 We shall be forgetting
that in the Divine economy of man's salvation election is the special
work of God the Fatheratonement； mediation； and intercession； the
special work of God the Sonand sanctification； the special work of
God the Holy Ghost。 We shall be forgetting that our Lord said； when He
went away； that He would send us another forter； who should 〃abide
with us〃 for ever； and； as it were； take His place。 （John xiv。 16。） In
short； under the idea that we are honouring Christ； we shall find that
we are dishonouring His special and peculiar giftthe Holy Ghost。
Christ； no doubt； as God； is everywherein our hearts； in heaven； in
the place where two or three are met together in His name。 But we
really must remember that Christ； as our risen Head and High Priest； is
specially at God's right hand interceding for us until He es the
second time； and that Christ carries on His work in the hearts of His
people by the special work of His Spirit； whom He promised to send when
He left the world。 （John xv。 26。） A parison of the ninth and tenth
verses of the eighth chapter of Romans seems to me to show this
plainly。 It convinces me that 〃Christ in us〃 means Christ in us 〃by His
Spirit。〃 Above all； the words of St。 John are most distinct and
express： 〃Hereby we know that He abideth in us by the Spirit which He
hath given us。〃 （1 John iii。 24。）
In saying all this； I hope no one will misunderstand me。 I do not say
that the expression。 〃Christ in us〃 is unscriptural。 But I do say that
I see great danger of giving an extravagant and unscriptural importance
to the idea contained in the expression； and I do fear that many use it
now…a…days without exactly knowing what they mean； and unwittingly；
perhaps； dishonour the mighty work of the Holy Ghost。 If any readers
think that I am needlessly scrupulous about the point； I remend to
their notice a curious book by Samuel Rutherford （author of the
well…known letters）； called 〃The Spiritual Antichrist。〃 They will there
see that two centuries ago the wildest heresies arose out of an
extravagant teaching of this very doctrine of the 〃indwelling of
Christ〃 in believers。 They will find that Saltmarsh； and Dell； and
Towne； and other false teachers； against whom good Samuel Rutherford
contended； began with strange notions of 〃Christ in us；〃 and then
proceeded to build on the doctrine antinomianism； and fanaticism of the
worst description and vilest tendency。 They maintained that the
separate； personal life of the believer was so pletely gone； that it
was Christ living in him who repented； and believed； and acted！ The
root of this huge error was a forced and unscriptural interpretation of
such texts as 〃I live： yet not I； but Christ liveth in me。〃 （Gal。 ii。
20。） And the natural result of it was that many of the unhappy
followers of this school came to the fortable conclusion that
believers were not responsible； whatever they might do！ Believers；
forsooth； were dead and buried； and only Christ lived in them； and
undertook everything for them！ The ultimate consequence was； that some
thought they might sit still in a carnal security； their personal
accountableness being entirely gone； and might mit any kind of sin
without fear！ Let us never forget that truth； distorted and
exaggerated； can bee the mother of the most dangerous heresies。 When
we speak of 〃Christ being in us；〃 let us take care to explain what we
mean。 I fear some neglect this in the present day。
（6） In the sixth place； is it wise to draw such a deep； wide； and
distinct line of separation between conversion and consecration； or the
higher life； so called； as many do draw in the present day？ Is this
according to the proportion of God's Word？ I doubt it。
There is； unquestionably； nothing new in this teaching。 It is well
known that Romish writers often maintain that the Church is divided
into three classessinners； penitents； and s