the uncommercial traveller- 第65部分

gave　it　the　additional　weight　of　my　uncommercial　signature。　　To　the

best　of　my　belief；　I　bound　myself　to　the　modest　statement　that

universal　traffic；　happiness；　prosperity；　and　civilisation；

together　with　unbounded　national　triumph　in　competition　with　the

foreigner；　would　infallibly　flow　from　the　Branch。



Having　achieved　this　constitutional　feat；　I　asked　Mr。　Mellows　if　he

could　grace　my　dinner　with　a　pint　of　good　wine？　　Mr。　Mellows　thus

replied。



'If　I　couldn't　give　you　a　pint　of　good　wine；　I'd　…　there！　…　I'd

take　and　drown　myself　in　a　pail。　　But　I　was　deceived　when　I　bought

this　business；　and　the　stock　was　higgledy…piggledy；　and　I　haven't

yet　tasted　my　way　quite　through　it　with　a　view　to　sorting　it。

Therefore；　if　you　order　one　kind　and　get　another；　change　till　it

comes　right。　　For　what；'　said　Mellows；　unloading　his　hat　as　before；

'what　would　you　or　any　gentleman　do；　if　you　ordered　one　kind　of

wine　and　was　required　to　drink　another？　　Why；　you'd　（and　naturally

and　properly；　having　the　feelings　of　a　gentleman）；　you'd　take　and

drown　yourself　in　a　pail！'







CHAPTER　XXV　…　THE　BOILED　BEEF　OF　NEW　ENGLAND







The　shabbiness　of　our　English　capital；　as　compared　with　Paris；

Bordeaux；　Frankfort；　Milan；　Geneva　…　almost　any　important　town　on

the　continent　of　Europe　…　I　find　very　striking　after　an　absence　of

any　duration　in　foreign　parts。　　London　is　shabby　in　contrast　with

Edinburgh；　with　Aberdeen；　with　Exeter；　with　Liverpool；　with　a

bright　little　town　like　Bury　St。　Edmunds。　　London　is　shabby　in

contrast　with　New　York；　with　Boston；　with　Philadelphia。　　In　detail；

one　would　say　it　can　rarely　fail　to　be　a　disappointing　piece　of

shabbiness；　to　a　stranger　from　any　of　those　places。　　There　is

nothing　shabbier　than　Drury…lane；　in　Rome　itself。　　The　meanness　of

Regent…street；　set　against　the　great　line　of　Boulevards　in　Paris；

is　as　striking　as　the　abortive　ugliness　of　Trafalgar…square；　set

against　the　gallant　beauty　of　the　Place　de　la　Concorde。　　London　is

shabby　by　daylight；　and　shabbier　by　gaslight。　　No　Englishman　knows

what　gaslight　is；　until　he　sees　the　Rue　de　Rivoli　and　the　Palais

Royal　after　dark。



The　mass　of　London　people　are　shabby。　　The　absence　of　distinctive

dress　has；　no　doubt；　something　to　do　with　it。　　The　porters　of　the

Vintners'　Company；　the　draymen；　and　the　butchers；　are　about　the

only　people　who　wear　distinctive　dresses；　and　even　these　do　not

wear　them　on　holidays。　　We　have　nothing　which　for　cheapness；

cleanliness；　convenience；　or　picturesqueness；　can　compare　with　the

belted　blouse。　　As　to　our　women；　…　next　Easter　or　Whitsuntide；　look

at　the　bonnets　at　the　British　Museum　or　the　National　Gallery；　and

think　of　the　pretty　white　French　cap；　the　Spanish　mantilla；　or　the

Genoese　mezzero。



Probably　there　are　not　more　second…hand　clothes　sold　in　London　than

in　Paris；　and　yet　the　mass　of　the　London　population　have　a　second…

hand　look　which　is　not　to　be　detected　on　the　mass　of　the　Parisian

population。　　I　think　this　is　mainly　because　a　Parisian　workman　does

not　in　the　least　trouble　himself　about　what　is　worn　by　a　Parisian

idler；　but　dresses　in　the　way　of　his　own　class；　and　for　his　own

comfort。　　In　London；　on　the　contrary；　the　fashions　descend；　and　you

never　fully　know　how　inconvenient　or　ridiculous　a　fashion　is；　until

you　see　it　in　its　last　descent。　　It　was　but　the　other　day；　on　a

race…course；　that　I　observed　four　people　in　a　barouche　deriving

great　entertainment　from　the　contemplation　of　four　people　on　foot。

The　four　people　on　foot　were　two　young　men　and　two　young　women；　the

four　people　in　the　barouche　were　two　young　men　and　two　young　women。

The　four　young　women　were　dressed　in　exactly　the　same　style；　the

four　young　men　were　dressed　in　exactly　the　same　style。　　Yet　the　two

couples　on　wheels　were　as　much　amused　by　the　two　couples　on　foot；

as　if　they　were　quite　unconscious　of　having　themselves　set　those

fashions；　or　of　being　at　that　very　moment　engaged　in　the　display　of

them。



Is　it　only　in　the　matter　of　clothes　that　fashion　descends　here　in

London　…　and　consequently　in　England　…　and　thence　shabbiness

arises？　　Let　us　think　a　little；　and　be　just。　　The　'Black　Country'

round　about　Birmingham；　is　a　very　black　country；　but　is　it　quite　as

black　as　it　has　been　lately　painted？　　An　appalling　accident

happened　at　the　People's　Park　near　Birmingham；　this　last　July；　when

it　was　crowded　with　people　from　the　Black　Country　…　an　appalling

accident　consequent　on　a　shamefully　dangerous　exhibition。　　Did　the

shamefully　dangerous　exhibition　originate　in　the　moral　blackness　of

the　Black　Country；　and　in　the　Black　People's　peculiar　love　of　the

excitement　attendant　on　great　personal　hazard；　which　they　looked　on

at；　but　in　which　they　did　not　participate？　　Light　is　much　wanted　in

the　Black　Country。　　O　we　are　all　agreed　on　that。　　But；　we　must　not

quite　forget　the　crowds　of　gentlefolks　who　set　the　shamefully

dangerous　fashion；　either。　　We　must　not　quite　forget　the

enterprising　Directors　of　an　Institution　vaunting　mighty

educational　pretences；　who　made　the　low　sensation　as　strong　as　they

possibly　could　make　it；　by　hanging　the　Blondin　rope　as　high　as　they

possibly　could　hang　it。　　All　this　must　not　be　eclipsed　in　the

Blackness　of　the　Black　Country。　　The　reserved　seats　high　up　by　the

rope；　the　cleared　space　below　it；　so　that　no　one　should　be　smashed

but　the　performer；　the　pretence　of　slipping　and　falling　off；　the

baskets　for　the　feet　and　the　sack　for　the　head；　the　photographs

everywhere；　and　the　virtuous　indignation　nowhere　…　all　this　must

not　be　wholly　swallowed　up　in　the　blackness　of　the　jet…black

country。



Whatsoever　fashion　is　set　in　England；　is　certain　to　descend。　　This

is　a　text　for　a　perpetual　sermon　on　care　in　setting　fashions。　　When

you　find　a　fashion　low　down；　look　back　for　the　time　（it　will　never

be　far　off）　when　it　was　the　fashion　high　up。　　This　is　the　text　for

a　perpetual　sermon　on　social　justice。　　From　imitations　of　Ethiopian

Serenaders；　to　imitations　of　Prince's　coats　and　waistcoats；　you

will　find　the　original　model　in　St。　James's　Parish。　　When　the

Serenaders　become　tiresome；　trace　them　beyond　the　Black　Country；

when　the　coats　and　waistcoats　become　insupportable；　refer　them　to

their　source　in　the　Upper　Toady　Regions。



Gentlemen's　clubs　were　once　maintained　for　purposes　of　savage　party

warfare；　working　men's　clubs　of　the　same　day　assumed　the　same

character。　　Gentlemen's　clubs　became　places　of　quiet　inoffensive

recreation；　working　men's　clubs　began　to　follow　suit。　　If　working

men　have　seemed　rather　slow　to　appreciate　advantages　of　combination

which　have　saved　the　pockets　of　gentlemen；　and　enhanced　their

comforts；　it　is　because　working　men　could　scarcely；　for　want　of

capital；　originate　such　combinations　without　help；　and　because　help

has　not　been　separable　from　that　great　impertinence；　Patronage。

The　instinctive　revolt　of　his　spirit　against　patronage；　is　a

quality　much　to　be　respected　in　the　English　working　man。　　It　is　the

base　of　the　base　of　his　best　qualities。　　Nor　is　it　surprising　that

he　should　be　unduly　suspicious　of　patronage；　and　sometimes

resentful　of　it　even　where　it　is　not；　seeing　what　a　flood　of　washy

talk　has　been　let　loose　on　his　devoted　head；　or　with　what

complacent　condescension　the　same　devoted　head　has　been　smoothed

and　patted。　　It　is　a　proof　to　me　of　his　self…control　that　he　never

strikes　out　pugilistically；　right　and　left；　when　addressed　as　one

of　'My　friends；'　or　'My　assembled　friends；'　that　he　does　not　become

inappeasable；　and　run　amuck　like　a　Malay；　whenever　he　sees　a　biped

in　broadcloth　getting　on　a　platform　to　talk　to　him；　that　any

pretence　of　improving　his　mind；　does　not　instantly　drive　him　out　of

his　mind；　and　cause　him　to　toss　his　obliging　patron　like　a　mad

bull。



For；　how　often　have　I　heard　the　unfortunate　working　man　lectured；

as　if　he　were　a　little　charity…child；　humid　as　to　his　nasal

development；　strictly　literal　as　to　his　Catechism；　and　called　by

Providence　to　walk　all　his　days　in　a　station　in　life　represented　on

festive　occasions　by　a　mug　of　warm　milk…and…water　and　a　bun！　　What

popguns　of　jokes　have　these　ears　tingled　to　hear　let　off　at　him；

what　asinine　sentiments；　what　impotent　conclusions；　what　spelling…

book　moralities；　what　adaptations　of　the　orator's　insufferable

tediousness　to　the　assumed　level　of　his　understanding！　　If　his

sledge…hammers；　his　spades　and　pick…axes；　his　saws　and　chisels；　his

paint…pots　and　brushes；　his　forges；　furnaces；　and　engines；　the

horses　that　he　drove　at　his　work；　and　the　machines　that　drove　him

at　his　work；　were　all　toys　in　one　little　paper　box；　and　he　the　baby

who　played　with　them；　he　could　not　have　been　discoursed　to；　more

impertinently　and　absurdly　than　I　have　heard　him　discoursed　to

times　innumerable。　　Consequently；　not　being　a　fool　or　a　fawner；　he

has　come　to　acknowledge　his　patronage　by　virtually　saying：　　'Let　me

alone。　　If　you　understand　me　no　better　than