《the origins of contemporary france-4》

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ordered by Fouché at Nevers; on the 1st day of the 1st decade of the

2nd month of the year II。  (De Martel; 〃Etude sur Fouché;〃 202); also;

the programme of the 〃Fete de l'Etre Supréme;〃 at Sceaux; organized by

the patriot Palloy; Presidial 20; year II。  (Dauban; 〃Paris en 1794;

p。187)。



'39' It cost one million two hundred thousand francs; besides the

traveling expenses of eight thousand delegates。



'40' Buchez et Roux; XXVIII。; 439; and following pages。  Procès verbal

of he National Festival of the 10th of August。  … Dauban 〃La Demagogie

en 1791。〃 (Extract from the Republican Ritual。)



'41' Moniteur; XVII。; 366。  (Session of Aug。  11。  Speech by Lacroix

and decree in conformity therewith。)



'42' Ibid。; 374。  〃Remember that you are accountable to the nation and

the universe for this sacred Ark。  Remember that it is your duty to

die rather than suffer a sacrilegious hand。。。。。〃



'43' Buchez et Roux; XXVIII。; 358。  It is evident from the context of

the speech that Robespierre and the Jacobins were desirous of

maintaining the Convention because they foresaw Girondist elections。



'44' Moniteur; XVII。; 382。  (Session of Aug。  12。  Speech by Lacroix)。



'45' Ibid。; 387。  … Cf。  Ibid。; 410; session of August 16。  The

delegates return there to insist on a levy; en masse; the levy of the

first class not appearing sufficient to them。  (levy means

mobilization of all men) … Buchez et Roux; XXVIII。; 464。  Delegate

Royer; Curé of Chalons…sur…Saone; demands that the aristocrats

〃chained together in sixes〃 be put in the front rank in battle 〃to

avoid the risks of sauve qui peut。〃



'46' Decrees of August 14 and 16。



'47' Moniteur; XVII。; 375。



'48' Riouffe; 〃Mémoires;〃 19: 〃An entire generation; the real

disciples of Jean…Jacques; Voltaire and Diderot; could be; and was

annihilated; to a large extent under the pretext of federalism。〃



'49' Moniteur; XVII。; 102。  (Speech by Cambon; July 11; 1793)。

Archives Nationales; AF。  II。; 46。  (Speech of General Wimpffen to the

〃Société des amis de la Liberté et de l'Egalité;〃 in session at

Cherbourg; June 25; 1793)。  〃Sixty…four departments have already

revoked the powers conferred on their representatives。〃 Meillan;

〃Mémoires;〃 72: 〃The archives of Bordeaux once contained the acts

passed by seventy…two departments; all of which adhered to measures

nearly the same as those indicted in our documents。〃



'50' Buchez et Roux; XVIII。; 148。   Meillan; 70; 71。   Guillon de

Montléon; I。; 300 (on Lyons) and I。; 280 (on Bordeaux)。  Archives

Nationales; AF II。; 46。  (Deliberations of the Nantes section July 5)。

 Letter of Merlin and Gillet; representatives on mission; Lorient;

June 12。  Dissatisfaction at the outrages of May 31 and June 2; was so

manifest that the representatives on mission Merline; Gillet;

Savestre; and Cagaignac print on the 14th of June a resolution

authorising one of their body to go to the Convention and protest 〃in

their name〃 against the weakness shown by it and against the

ursurpations of the Paris commune。   Sauzay; IV。; 260。  At Besan?on;

in a general assembly of all the administrative; judicial and

municipal bodies of the department joined to the commissioners of the

section; protest 〃unanimously〃 on the 15th of June。



'51' Archives Nationales; Ibid 。(Letter of Romme and Prieur; Caen;

June 10th; to the committee of Public Safety)。  The insurgents are so

evidently in the right that Romme and Prieur approve of their own

arrest。  〃Citizens; our colleagues; this arrest may be of great

importance; serve the cause of liberty; maintain the unity of the

republic and revive confidence if; as we hasten to demand it of you;

you confirm it by a decree which declares us hostages。  。  。  。  We

have noticed that among the people of Caen; there is a love of

liberty; as well as of justice and docility。〃



'52' Archives Nationales; AF。  II。; 46。  (Printed July 5)。  Result of

the deliberations of the Nantes sections。  The act is signed by the

three administrative bodies of Nantes; by the district rulers of

Clisson; Anceries and Machecoul; who had fled to Nantes; and by both

the deputies of the districts of Paimb?uf and Chateaubriand; in all;

eighty…six signatures。



'53' Archives Nationales; ibid。; (letter of General Wimpffen to the

〃Societé des Amis de l'Egalité et de la Liberté〃 in session at

Cherbourg; June 25; 1793)。  … Mortimer…Ternaux; VIII。; 126。  … On the

opinion of the departments cf。  Paul Thibaud (〃Etudes sur l'histoire

de Grenoble et du Department de l'Isére〃)。  … Louis Guibert (〃Le Parti

Girondin dans le Haute Vienne〃)。  … Jarrin; (〃Bourg et Bellay pendant

la Révolution〃)。



'54' Albert Babeau; II。; 83。  (Pamphlet by the curé of Cleray)。

〃Every primary assembly that accepts the Constitution strikes the

factions a blow on the head with the club of Hercules。〃



'55' Cf。  〃The Revolution;〃 Vol。  II。  Ch。  XI。



'56' Buzot。  … Archives Nationales; AF。  II。; 157。  Reports by Baudot

and Ysabeau to the Convention。  The 19th of Aug。  At the Hotel de

Ville of Bordeaux; they eulogize the 21st of January: 〃There was then

a roar as frightful as it was general。  A city official coolly replied

to us: What would you have? To oppose anarchy we have been forced to

join the aristocrats; and they rule。〃 Another says ironically to

Ysabeau: 〃We did not anticipate that;  they are our tribunes。〃



'57' Jarrin; 〃Bourg et Belley pendant la Révolution〃 (〃Annales de la

Societé d'Emulation de l'Ain; 1878; Nos。  For January; February and

March; p。  16)。



'58' Louvet; 103; 108。  … Guillon de Montléon; I。; 305 and following

pages。  … Buchez et Roux; XXVIII。; 151。  (Report of the delegates of

the district of Andelys)。  〃One of members observed that there would

be a good deal of trouble in raising an armed force of one thousand

men。〃 … An administrator (a commissioner of Calvados) replied: 〃We

shall have all the aristocrats on our side。〃 The principal military

leaders at Caen and at Lyons; Wimpffen; Précy; Puisaye; are Feuillants

and form only a provisional alliance with the Girondists properly so

called; Hence constant contentions and reciprocal mistrust。  Birotteau

and Chapet leave Lyons because they do not find the spirit of the

place sufficiently republican。



'59' Louvet; 124; 129。  … Buchez et Roux; XXVII; 360。  (Notice by

General Wimpffen); July 7。  … Puisaye; 〃Mémoires〃 and 〃L'Insurrection

Normande。〃 by et Vaultier et Mancel。



'60' Mortimer…Ternaux; VIII。; 471。  Letter of Barbaroux; Caen; June

18。  … Ibid。; 133。  Letter of Madame Roland to Buzot; July 7。  〃You

are not the one to march at the head of battalions (departmental)。  It

would have the appearance of gratifying personal vengeance。〃



'61' Buchez et Roux; XXVIII。; 153。  (Deliberations of the constituted

authorities of Marseilles; June 7。)



'62' Guillon de Montléon; II。; 40。  The contrast between the two

parties is well shown in the following extract from the letter of a

citizen of Lyons to Kellerman's soldiers。  〃They tell you that we want

to destroy the unity of the republic; while they themselves abandon

the frontiers to the enemy in order to come here and cut their

brethren's throats。〃



'63' Guillon de Montléon; I。; 288。  … Marcelin Boudet; 〃Les

Conventionnels d'Auvergne;〃 p。  181。  … Louvet; 193。  … Moniteur;

XVII。; 101。  (Speech of Cambon; July 11)。  〃We have preferred to

expose these funds (one hundred and five millions destined for the

army) to being intercepted; rather than to retard this dispatch。  The

first thing the Committee of Public Safety have had to care for was to

save the republic and make the administrations fully responsible for

it。  They were fully aware of this; and accordingly have allowed the

circulation of these funds 。  。  。  They have been forced; through the

wise management of the Committee; to contribute themselves to the

safety of the republic。〃



'64' Archives Nationales; Letter of Robert Lindet; June 16; AF。  II。;

43。  The correspondence of Lindet; which is very interesting; well

shows the sentiments of the Lyonnese and the policy of the 〃Mountain。〃

〃However agitated Lyons may be; order prevails; nobody wants either

king or tyrant; all use the same language: the words republic; union;

are in everybody's mouth。〃 (Eight letters。) He always gives the same

advice to the Committee of Public Safety: 〃Publish a constitution;

publish the motives of the bills of arrest;〃 which are indispensable

to rally everybody to the Convention; (June 15)。





'65' Guillon de Montléon; I。; 309 (July 24)。



'66' Sauzay; IV。; 268。  … Paul Thibaud; 50。  … Marcelin Boudet; 185。

… Archives Nationales AF。  II。; 46。  Extract from the registers of the

Council of the department of Loire…Inferieure; July 14。  The

department protests that its decree of July 5 was not 〃a rupture with

the Convention; an open rebellion against the laws of the State; an

idea very re
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