the origins of contemporary france-4- 第69部分

required　sure；　local　information；　which　I　could　not　have　had　without

collaborators　of　the　country。　　。　　。　　。　　The　result　is　that　I　have

arrested　this　night　more　than　sixty　aristocrats；　strangers　or

'suspects。'　…　〃De　Martel；　〃études　sur　Fouche；〃　84。　　Letter　of

Chaumette；　who　posted　Fouché　concerning　the　Nevers　Jacobins。

〃Surrounded　by　royalists；　federalists　and　fanatics；　representative

Fouché　had　only　3　or　4　persecuted　patriots　to　advise　him。〃



＇82＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　88。　　Speech　by　Rousselin；　Frimaire

9　…　Ibid。；　F。7；　4421。　　Speech　and　orders　issued　by　Rousselin；　Brumaire

25。　　…　Cf。。　　Albert　Babeau；　〃Histoire　de　Troyes　pendant　la

Revolution；〃　vol。　　II。　　Missions　of　Gamier　de　Rousselin　and　B？。



＇83＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　145。　　（Order　of　Maignet；　Avignon；

Floreal　13；　year　II。；　and　proclamation　of　Floréal　14。）　…　Ibid。；　AF。；

II。；　111；　Grenoble。　　Prairial　8；　year　II。　　Similar　orders　issued　by

Albitte　and　Laporte；　for　renewing　all　the　authorities　of　Grenoble。　　…

Ibid；　AF。；　II。；　135。　　Similar　order　of　Ricord　at　Grasse；　Pluvi？se　28；

and　throughout　the　Var。　　…　Ibid。；　AF。；　II。；　36。　　Brumaire；　year　II。；

circular　of　the　Committee　of　Public　Safety　to　the　representatives　on

mission　in　the　departments：　〃Before　quitting　your　post；　you　are　to

effect　the　most　complete　purification　of　the　constituted　authorities

and　public　functionaries。〃



＇84＇　Decrees　of　Frimaire　6　and　14；　year　II。



＇85＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　22。　　Acts　of　the　committee　of

Public　Safety；　Niv？se　9；　year　II。



＇86＇　Ibid。；　AF。；　II。；　37。　　Letter　to　the　Committee　on　the　War；　signed

by　Barère　and　Billaud…Varennes；　Pluvi？se　23；；　year　II。



＇87＇　Ibid。；　AF。；　II。；　36。　　Letter　of　the　Committee　of　Public　Safety　to

Le　Carpentier；　on　mission　in　l'Orne；　Brumaire　19；　year　II。　　〃The

administrative　bodies　of　Alen？on；　the　district　excepted；　are　wholly

gangrened；　all　are　Feuillants；　or　infected　with　a　no　less　pernicious

spirit。　　。　　。　　。　　For　the　choice　of　subjects；　and　the　incarceration　of

individuals；　you　can　refer　to　the　sans…culottes：　the　most　nervous　are

Symaroli　and　Préval。　　…　At　Montagne；　the　administration　must　be　wholly

removed；　as　well　as　the　collector　of　the　district；　and　the　post…

master；　。　　。　　。　　purify　the　popular　club；　expel　nobles　and　limbs　of

the　law；　those　that　have　been　turned　out　of　office；　priests；

muscadins；　etc。　　。　　。　　。　　Dissolve　two　companies；　one　the　grenadiers

and　the　other　the　infantry　who　are　very　muscadin　and　too　fond　of

processions。　　。　　。　　。　　Re…form　the　staff　and　officers　of　the　National

Guard。　　To　secure　more　prompt　and　surer　execution　of　these　measures　of

security　you　may　refer　to　the　present　municipality；　the　Committee　of

Surveillance　and　the　Cannoneers。



＇88＇　Ibid。；　AF。；II。；　37。　　To　Ricord；　on　mission　at　Marseilles；

Pluvi？se　7；　year　II；　a　strong　and　rude　admonition：　he　is　going　soft；

he　has　gone　to　live　with　Saint…Même；　a　suspect；　he　is　too　biased　in

favor　of　the　Marseilles　people　who；　during　the　siege　〃made　sacrifices

to　procure　subsistences；〃　he　blamed　their　arrest；　etc。　　…　Floréal　13；

year　II。；　to　Bouret　on　mission　in　the　Manche　and　at　Calvados。　　〃The

Committee　are　under　the　impression　that　you　are　constantly　deceived　by

an　insidious　secretary　who；　by　the　bad　information　he　has　given　you；

has　often　led　you　to　give　favorable　terms　to　the　aristocracy；　etc。〃　…

Vent？se　6；　year　II。；　to　Guimberteau；　on　mission　near　the　army　on　the

coasts　of　Cherbourg：　〃The　committee　is　astonished　to　find　that　the

military　commission　established　by　you；　undoubtedly　for　striking　off

the　heads　of　conspirators；　was　the　first　to　let　them　off。　　Are　you　not

acquainted　with　the　men　who　compose　it？　For　what　have　you　chosen　them？

If　you　do　not　know　them；　how　does　it　happen　that　you　have　summoned

them　for　such　duties？　〃　…　Ibid。；　and　Vent？se　23；　order　to　Guimberteau

to　investigate　the　conduct　of　his　secretary



＇89＇　See　especially　in　the　〃Archives　des　Affaires　étrangères；〃　vols。

324　to　334；　the　correspondence　of　secret　agents　sent　into　the

interior。



＇90＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；II。；　37；　to　Fromcastel　on　mission　in

Indre…et…Loire；　Floréal　13；　year　II。　　〃The　Committee　sends　you　a

letter　from　the　people's　club　of　Chinon；　demanding　the　purging　and

organization　of　all　the　constituted　authorities　of　this　district。　　The

committee　requests　you　to　proceed　at　once　to　carry　out　this　important

measure。〃



＇91＇　Words　of　Robespierre；　session　of　the　convention　September　24；

1793。　　…　On　another　representative；　Merlin　de　Thionville；　who　likewise

stood　fire；　Robespierre　wrote　as　follows：　〃Merlin　de　Thionville；

famous　for　surrendering　Mayence；　and　more　than　suspected　of　having

received　his　reward。〃



＇92＇　Guillon；　II。；　207。　　…　〃Fouché；〃　by　M。　de　Martel；　292。



＇93＇　Hamel；　III。；　395；　and　following　pages。　　…　Buchez　et　Roux；　XXX。；

435。　　（Session　of　the　Jacobin　club；　Niv？se　12；　year　II。　　Speech　of

Collot　d'Herbois。）　〃To…day　I　no　longer　recognize　public　opinion；　had　I

reached　Paris　three　days　later；　I　should　probably　have　been　indicted。〃



＇94＇　Marcelin　Boudet；　〃Les　conventionnels　d'Auvergne；〃　438。

（Unpublished　memoir　ot　Maignet。）



＇95＇　Buchez　et　Roux；　XXXIV。；　165；　191。　　（Evidence　of　witnesses　on　the

trial　of　Carrier。）　…　Paris；　II。；　113；　〃Histoire　de　Joseph　Lebon。〃　〃The

prisons；〃　says　Le　Bon；　〃overflowed　at　Saint…Pol。　　I　was　there　and

released　two　hundred　persons。　　Well；　in　spite　of　my　orders；　several

were　put　back　by　the　committee　of　Surveillance；　authorised　by　Lebas；　a

friend　of　Darthé。　　What　could　I　do　against　Darthé　supported　by　Saint…

Just　and　Lebas？　He　would　have　denounced　me。〃　…　Ibid。；　128；　apropos　of

a　certain　Lefèvre；　〃veteran　of　the　Revolution；〃　arrested　and　brought

before　the　revolutionary　tribunal　by　order　of　Lebon。　　〃It　was

necessary　to　take　the　choice　of　condemning　him；　or　of　being　denounced

and　persecuted　myself；　without　saving　him。〃　…　Beaulieu；　〃Essai；〃　V。；

233。　　〃I　am　afraid　and　I　cause　fear　was　the　principle　of　all　the

revolutionary　atrocities。〃



＇96＇　Ludovic　Sciout；　〃Histoire　de　la　Constitution　civile　du　Clergé；

IV。；　136。　　（Orders　of　Pinét　and　Cavaignac；　Pluvi？se　22；　and　Vent？se

2。）　…　Moniteur；　XXIV。；　469。　　（Session　of　Prairial　30；　year　III。；

denunciation　of　representative　Laplanche　at　the　bar　of　the　house；　by

Boismartin。）　On　the　24th　of　Brumaire；　year　II。；　Laplanche　and　General

Seepher　installed　themselves　at　St。　　L？　in　the　house　of　an　old　man　of

seventy；　a　M。　Lemonnier　then　under　arrest。　　〃Scarcely　had　they

entered　the　house　when　they　demanded　provisions　of　every　kind；　linen；

clothes；　furniture；　jewelry；　plate；　vehicles　and　title…deeds　…　all

disappeared。〃　Whilst　the　inhabitants　of　St。　　L？　were　living　on　a　few

ounces　of　brown　bread；　〃the　best　bread；　the　choicest　wines；　pillaged

in　the　house　of　Lemonnier；　were　lavishly　given　in　pans　and　kettles　to

General　Seepher's　horses；　also　to　those　of　representative　Laplanche。〃

Lemonnier；　set　at　liberty；　could　not　return　to　his　emptied　dwelling

then　transformed　into　a　storehouse。　　He　lived　at　the　inn；　stripped　of

all　his　possessions；　valued　at　sixty　thousand　livres；　having　saved

from　his　effects　only　one　silver　table…service；　which　he　had　taken

with　him　into　prison。



＇97＇　Marcelin　Boudet；　446。　　（Notes　of　M。　Ignace　de　Barante。）　Also

440。　　（Unpublished　memoir　of　Maignet）。



＇98＇　Archives　Nationales；　AF。；　II。；　59。　　Extract　from　the　minutes　of

the　meetings　of　the　People's　club　of　Metz；　and　depositions　made　before

the　committee　of　Surveillance　of　the　club；　Floreal　12；　year　II。；　on

the　conduct　of　representative　Duquesnoy；　arrived　at　Metz　the　evening

before　at　six　o'clock。　　…　There　are　thirty…two　depositions；　and　among

others　those　of　M。　Altmayer；　Joly　and　Clédat。　　One　of　the　witnesses

states：　〃As　to　these　matters；　I　regarded　this　citizen　（Duquesnoy）　as

tipsy　or　drunk；　or　as　a　man　beside　himself。〃　…　This　is　customary　with

Duquesnoy。　　…　Cf。　　Paris；　〃His。　　de　Joseph　Lebon；〃　I。；　273；　370。…

〃Archives　des　Affaires　étrangères；〃　vol。　　329。　　Letter　of　Gadolle；

September　11；　1793。　　〃I　saw　Duquesnoy；　the　deputy；　dead　drunk　at

Bergues；　on　Whit…Monday；　at11　o'clock　in　the　evening。〃　…　〃Un　Séjour　en

France；　1792　to　1796；　p。　　136。　　〃His　naturally　savage　temper　is

excited　to　madness　by　the　abuse　of　strong　drink。　　General　de

。。。。。assures　us　that　he　saw　him　seize　the　mayor　of　Avesnes；　a

respectable　old　man；　by　the　hair　on　his　presenting　him　with　a　petition

relating　to　the　town；　and　throw　him　down　with　the　air　of　a　cannibal。〃

〃He　and　his　brother　were　dealers　in　hops　at　retail；　at　Saint　Pol。　　He

made　this　brother　a　general。〃



＇99＇　Alexandrine　des　Echerolles；　〃Une　famile　noble　sous　la　Terreur；〃

209。　　At　Lyons；　Marin；　the　commissioner；　〃a　tall；　powerful；　robust　man

with　stentorian　lungs；〃　opens　his　court　with　a　volley　of　〃republican

oaths。　　。　　。　　〃　　。　　。　　The　crowd　of　supplicants　melts　away。　　One　lady

alone　dared　present　her　petition。　　〃Who　are　you？〃　She　gives　her　name。

〃What！　You　have　the　audacity　to