the six enneads- 第94部分

them　into　being。　The　groupings　＇within　the　All＇　are　themselves　in　the　nature　of　Reason…Principles　since　they　are　the　out…spacing　of　a　living…being；　its　reason…determined　rhythms　and　conditions；　and　the　entities　thus　spaced…out　and　grouped　to　pattern　are　its　various　members：　then　again　there　are　the　powers　of　the　living　being…　distinct　these；　too…　which　may　be　considered　as　parts　of　it；　always　excluding　deliberate　will　which　is　external　to　it；　not　contributory　to　the　nature　of　the　living　All。　　　　　The　will　of　any　organic　thing　is　one；　but　the　distinct　powers　which　go　to　constitute　it　are　far　from　being　one：　yet　all　the　several　wills　look　to　the　object　aimed　at　by　the　one　will　of　the　whole：　for　the　desire　which　the　one　member　entertains　for　another　is　a　desire　within　the　All：　a　part　seeks　to　acquire　something　outside　itself；　but　that　external　is　another　part　of　which　it　feels　the　need：　the　anger　of　a　moment　of　annoyance　is　directed　to　something　alien；　growth　draws　on　something　outside；　all　birth　and　becoming　has　to　do　with　the　external；　but　all　this　external　is　inevitably　something　included　among　fellow　members　of　the　system：　through　these　its　limbs　and　members；　the　All　is　bringing　this　activity　into　being　while　in　itself　it　seeks…　or　better；　contemplates…　The　Good。　Right　will；　then；　the　will　which　stands　above　accidental　experience；　seeks　The　Good　and　thus　acts　to　the　same　end　with　it。　When　men　serve　another；　many　of　their　acts　are　done　under　order；　but　the　good　servant　is　the　one　whose　purpose　is　in　union　with　his　master's。　　　　　In　all　the　efficacy　of　the　sun　and　other　stars　upon　earthly　matters　we　can　but　believe　that　though　the　heavenly　body　is　intent　upon　the　Supreme　yet…　to　keep　to　the　sun…　its　warming　of　terrestrial　things；　and　every　service　following　upon　that；　all　springs　from　itself；　its　own　act　transmitted　in　virtue　of　soul；　the　vastly　efficacious　soul　of　Nature。　Each　of　the　heavenly　bodies；　similarly；　gives　forth　a　power；　involuntary；　by　its　mere　radiation：　all　things　become　one　entity；　grouped　by　this　diffusion　of　power；　and　so　bring　about　wide　changes　of　condition；　thus　the　very　groupings　have　power　since　their　diversity　produces　diverse　conditions；　that　the　grouped　beings　themselves　have　also　their　efficiency　is　clear　since　they　produce　differently　according　to　the　different　membership　of　the　groups。　　　　　That　configuration　has　power　in　itself　is　within　our　own　observation　here。　Why　else　do　certain　groupments；　in　contradistinction　to　others；　terrify　at　sight　though　there　has　been　no　previous　experience　of　evil　from　them？　If　some　men　are　alarmed　by　a　particular　groupment　and　others　by　quite　a　different　one；　the　reason　can　be　only　that　the　configurations　themselves　have　efficacy；　each　upon　a　certain　type…　an　efficacy　which　cannot　fail　to　reach　anything　naturally　disposed　to　be　impressed　by　it；　so　that　in　one　groupment　things　attract　observation　which　in　another　pass　without　effect。　　　　　If　we　are　told　that　beauty　is　the　motive　of　attraction；　does　not　this　mean　simply　that　the　power　of　appeal　to　this　or　that　mind　depends　upon　pattern；　configuration？　How　can　we　allow　power　to　colour　and　none　to　configuration？　It　is　surely　untenable　that　an　entity　should　have　existence　and　yet　have　no　power　to　effect：　existence　carries　with　it　either　acting　or　answering　to　action；　some　beings　having　action　alone；　others　both。　　　　　At　the　same　time　there　are　powers　apart　from　pattern：　and；　in　things　of　our　realm；　there　are　many　powers　dependent　not　upon　heat　and　cold　but　upon　forces　due　to　differing　properties；　forces　which　have　been　shaped　to　ideal…quality　by　the　action　of　Reason…Principles　and　communicate　in　the　power　of　Nature：　thus　the　natural　properties　of　stones　and　the　efficacy　of　plants　produce　many　astonishing　results。　　　　　36。　The　Universe　is　immensely　varied；　the　container　of　all　the　Reason…Principles　and　of　infinite　and　diverse　efficacies。　In　man；　we　are　told；　the　eye　has　its　power；　and　the　bones　have　their　varied　powers；　and　so　with　each　separate　part　of　hand　and　of　foot；　and　there　is　no　member　or　organ　without　its　own　definite　function；　some　separate　power　of　its　own…　a　diversity　of　which　we　can　have　no　notion　unless　our　studies　take　that　direction。　What　is　true　of　man　must　be　true　of　the　universe；　and　much　more；　since　all　this　order　is　but　a　representation　of　the　higher：　it　must　contain　an　untellably　wonderful　variety　of　powers；　with　which；　of　course；　the　bodies　moving　through　the　heavens　will　be　most　richly　endowed。　　　　　We　cannot　think　of　the　universe　as　a　soulless　habitation；　however　vast　and　varied；　a　thing　of　materials　easily　told　off；　kind　by　kind…　wood　and　stone　and　whatever　else　there　be；　all　blending　into　a　kosmos：　it　must　be　alert　throughout；　every　member　living　by　its　own　life；　nothing　that　can　have　existence　failing　to　exist　within　it。　　　　　And　here　we　have　the　solution　of　the　problem；　〃How　an　ensouled　living　form　can　include　the　soulless〃：　for　this　account　allows　grades　of　living　within　the　whole；　grades　to　some　of　which　we　deny　life　only　because　they　are　not　perceptibly　self…moved：　in　the　truth；　all　of　these　have　a　hidden　life；　and　the　thing　whose　life　is　patent　to　sense　is　made　up　of　things　which　do　not　live　to　sense；　but；　none　the　less；　confer　upon　their　resultant　total　wonderful　powers　towards　living。　Man　would　never　have　reached　to　his　actual　height　if　the　powers　by　which　he　acts　were　the　completely　soulless　elements　of　his　being；　similarly　the　All　could　not　have　its　huge　life　unless　its　every　member　had　a　life　of　its　own；　this　however　does　not　necessarily　imply　a　deliberate　intention；　the　All　has　no　need　of　intention　to　bring　about　its　acts：　it　is　older　than　intention；　and　therefore　its　powers　have　many　servitors。　　　　　37。　We　must　not　rob　the　universe　of　any　factor　in　its　being。　If　any　of　our　theorists　of　to…day　seek　to　explain　the　action　of　fire…　or　of　any　other　such　form；　thought　of　as　an　agent…　they　will　find　themselves　in　difficulties　unless　they　recognize　the　act　to　be　the　object's　function　in　the　All；　and　give　a　like　explanation　of　other　natural　forces　in　common　use。　　　　　We　do　not　habitually　examine　or　in　any　way　question　the　normal：　we　set　to　doubting　and　working　out　identifications　when　we　are　confronted　by　any　display　of　power　outside　everyday　experience：　we　wonder　at　a　novelty　and　we　wonder　at　the　customary　when　anyone　brings　forward　some　single　object　and　explains　to　our　ignorance　the　efficacy　vested　in　it。　　　　　Some　such　power；　not　necessarily　accompanied　by　reason；　every　single　item　possesses；　for　each　has　been　brought　into　being　and　into　shape　within　a　universe；　each　in　its　kind　has　partaken　of　soul　through　the　medium　of　the　ensouled　All；　as　being　embraced　by　that　definitely　constituted　thing：　each　then　is　a　member　of　an　animate　being　which　can　include　nothing　that　is　less　than　a　full　member　＇and　therefore　a　sharer　in　the　total　of　power＇…　though　one　thing　is　of　mightier　efficacy　than　another；　and；　especially　members　of　the　heavenly　system　than　the　objects　of　earth；　since　they　draw　upon　a　purer　nature…　and　these　powers　are　widely　productive。　But　productivity　does　not　comport　intention　in　what　appears　to　be　the　source　of　the　thing　accomplished：　there　is　efficacy；　too；　where　there　is　no　will：　even　attention　is　not　necessary　to　the　communication　of　power；　the　very　transmission　of　soul　may　proceed　without　either。　　　　　A　living　being；　we　know；　may　spring　from　another　without　any　intention；　and　as　without　loss　so　without　consciousness　in　the　begetter：　in　fact　any　intention　the　animal　exercised　could　be　a　cause　of　propagation　only　on　condition　of　being　identical　with　the　animal　＇i。e。；　the　theory　would　make　intention　a　propagative　animal；　not　a　mental　act？＇　　　　　And；　if　intention　is　unnecessary　to　the　propagation　of　life；　much　more　so　is　attention。　　　　　38。　Whatever　springs　automatically　from　the　All　out　of　that　distinctive　life　of　its　own；　and；　in　addition　to　that　self…moving　activity；　whatever　is　due　to　some　specific　agency…　for　example；　to　prayers；　simple　or　taking　the　form　of　magic　incantations…　this　entire　range　of　production　is　to　be　referred；　not　to　each　such　single　cause；　but　to　the　nature　of　the　thing　produced　＇i。e。；　to　a　certain　natural　tendency　in　the　product　to　exist　with　its　own　quality＇。　　　　　All　that　forwards　life　or　some　other　useful　purpose　is　to　be　ascribed　to　the　transmission　characteristic　of　the　All；　it　is　something　flowing　from　the　major　of　an　integral　to　its　minor。　Where　we　think　we　see　the　transmission　of　some　force　unfavourable　to　the　production　of　living　beings；　the　flaw　must　be　found　in　the　inability　of　the　subject　to　take　in　what　would　serve　it：　for　what　happens　does　not　happen　upon　a　void；　there　is　always　specific　form　and　quality；　anything　that　could　be　affected　must　have　an　underlying　nature　definite　and　characterized。　The　inevitable　blendings；　further；　have　their　constructive　effect；　every　element　adding　something　contributory　to　the　life。　Then　again　some　influence　may　come　into　play　at　the　time　when　the　forces　of　a　beneficent　nature　are　not　acting：　the　co…ordination　of　the　entire　system　of　things　does　not　always　allow　to　each　several　entity　everything　that　it　needs：　and　further　we　ourselves　add　a　great　deal　to　what　is　transmitted　to　us。　　　　　None　the　less　all　entwines　into　a　unity：　and　there