the diary of samuel pepys- 第74部分

28th　（Lord's　day）。　　Up　and　walked　to　Paul's；　and　by　chance　it　was　an　extraordinary　day　for　the　Readers　of　the　Inns　of　Court　and　all　the　Students　to　come　to　church；　it　being　an　old　ceremony　not　used　these　twenty…five　years；　upon　the　first　Sunday　in　Lent。　Abundance　there　was　of　Students；　more　than　there　was　room　to　seat　but　upon　forms；　and　the　Church　mighty　full。　　One　Hawkins　preached；　an　Oxford　man。　　A　good　sermon　upon　these　words：　　〃But　the　wisdom　from　above　is　first　pure；　then　peaceable。〃　　Both　before　and　after　sermon　I　was　most　impatiently　troubled　at　the　Quire；　the　worst　that；　ever　I　heard。　　But　what　was　extraordinary；　the　Bishop　of　London；　＇Humphrey　Henchman　translated　from　Salisbury；　September　1663。　　Ob。　1675。＇　who　sat　there　in　a　pew；　made　a'　purpose　for　him　by　the　pulpitt；　do　give　the　last　blessing　to　the　congregation；　which　was；　he　being　a　comely　old　man；　a　very　decent　thing；　methought。　　The　Lieutenant　of　the　Tower；　Sir　J。　Robinson；　would　needs　have　me　by　coach　home　with　him；　where　the　officers　of　his　regiment　dined　with　him。　　After　dinner　to　chapel　in　the　Tower　with　the　Lieutenant；　with　the　keyes　carried　before　us；　and　the　Warders　and　Gentleman…porter　going　before　us。　　And　I　sat　with　the　Lieutenant　in　his　pew；　in　great　state。　　None；　it　seems；　of　the　prisoners　in　the　Tower　that　are　there　now；　though　they　may；　will　come　to　prayers　there。

29th。　　To　Sir　Philip　Warwick；　who　showed　me　many　excellent　collections　of　the　state　of　the　Revenue　in　former　Kings'　and　the　late　times；　and　the　present。　　He　showed　me　how　the　very　assessments　between　1643　and　1659；　which　were　taxes；　（besides　Excise；　Customes；　Sequestrations；　Decimations；　King　and　Queene's　and　Church　Lands；　or　any　thing　else　but　just　the　Assessments；）　come　to　above　fifteen　millions。　　He　showed　me　a　discourse　of　his　concerning　the　Revenues　of　this　and　foreign　States。　　How　that　of　Spayne　was　great　but　divided　with　his　kingdoms；　and　so　come　to　little。　　How　that　of　France　did；　and　do　much　exceed　ours　before　for　quantity；　and　that　it　is　at　the　will　of　the　Prince　to　tax　what　he　will　upon　his　people；　which　is　not　here。　　That　the　Hollanders　have　the　best　manner　of　tax；　which　is　only　upon　the　expence　of　provisions；　by　an　excise；　and　do　conclude　that　no　other　tax　is　proper　for　England　but　a　pound…rate；　or　excise　upon　the　expence　of　provisions。　　He　showed　me　every　particular　sort　of　payment　away　of　money；　since　the　King's　coming　in；　to　this　day；　and　told　me；　from　one　to　one；　how　little　he　hath　received　of　profit　from　most　of　them：　　and　I　believe　him　truly。　　That　the　1；200；000l。　which　the　Parliament　with　so　much　ado　did　first　vote　to　give　the　King；　and　since　hath　been　re…examined　by　several　committees　of　the　present　Parliament；　is　yet　above　300；000l。　short　of　making　up　really　to　the　King　the　1；200；000l。　as　by　particulars　he　showed　me。　　And　in　my　Lord　Treasurer's　excellent　letter　to　the　King　upon　this　subject；　he　tells　the　King　how　it　was　the　spending　more　than　the　revenue　that　did　give　the　first　occasion　of　his　fathers　ruine；　and　did　since　to　the　rebels；　who；　he　says；　just　like　Henry　the　Eighth；　had　great　and　sudden　increase　of　wealth；　but　yet　by　overspending　both　died　poor：　　and　further　tells　the　King　how　much　of　this　1；200；000l。　depends　upon　the　life　of　the　Prince；　and　so　must　be　renewed　by　Parliament　again　to　his　successor；　which　is　seldom　done　without　parting　with　some　of　the　prerogatives　of　the　Crowne；　or　if　denied　and　he　persists　to　take　it　of　the　people；　it　gives　occasion　to　a　civill　war；　which　did　in　the　late　business　of　tonnage　and　poundage　prove　fatal　to　the　Crowne。　　He　showed　me　how　many　ways　the　Lord　Treasurer　did　take　before　he　moved　the　King　to　farme　the　Customes　in　the　manner　he　do；　and　the　reasons　that　moved　him　to　do　it。　　He　showed　me　a　very　excellent　argument　to　prove；　that　our　importing　lesse　than　we　export；　do　not　impoverish　the　kingdom；　according　to　the　received　opinion：　　which；　though　it　be　a　paradox；　and　that　I　do　not　remember　the　argument；　yet　methought　there　was　a　great　deal　in　what　he　said。　　And　upon　the　whole　I　find　him　a　most　exact　and　methodicall　man；　and　of　great　industry：　　and　very　glad　that　he　thought　fit　to　show　me　all　this；　though　I　cannot　easily　guess　the　reason　why　he　should　do　it　to　me；　unless　from　the　plainness　that　he　sees　I　use　to　him　in　telling　him　how　much　the　King　may　suffer　for　our　want　of　understanding　the　case　of　our　Treasury。

MARCH　2；　1663…64。　　This　morning　Mr。　Burgby；　one　of　the　writing　clerks　belonging　to　the　Council；　a　knowing　man；　complains　to　me　how　most　of　the　Lords　of　the　Council　do　look　after　themselves　and　their　own　ends；　and　none　the　public；　unless　Sir　Edward　Nicholas。　Sir　G。　Carteret　is　diligent；　but　for　all　his　own　ends　and　profit。　My　Lord　Privy　Seale；　a　destroyer　of　every　body's　business；　and　do　no　good　at　all　to　the　public。　　The　Archbishop　of　Canterbury　＇Gilbert　Sheldon。＇　　speaks　very　little；　nor　do　much；　being　now　come　to　the　highest　pitch　that　he　can　expect。　　He　tells　me；　that　he　believes　that　things　will　go　very　high　against　the　Chancellor　by　Digby；　and　that　bad　things　will　be　proved。　　Talks　much　of　his　neglecting　the　King；　and　making　the　King　to　trot　every　day　to　him；　when　he　is　well　enough　to　go　to　visit　his　cosen　Chief…　Justice　Hide；　but　not　to　the　Council　or　King。　　He　commends　my　Lord　of　Ormond　mightily　in　Ireland；　but　cries　out　cruelly　of　Sir　G。　Lane　for　his　corruption；　and　that　he　hath　done　my　Lord　great　dishonour　by　selling　of　places　here；　which　are　now　all　taken　away；　and　the　poor　wretches　ready　to　starve。　　But　nobody　almost　understands　or　judges　of　business　better　than　the　King；　if　he　would　not　be　guilty　of　his　father's　fault　to　be　doubtfull　of　himself　and　easily　be　removed　from　his　own　opinion。　　That　my　Lord　Lauderdale　is　never　from　the　King's　care　nor　council；　and　that　he　is　a　most　cunning　fellow。　　Upon　the　whole；　that　he　finds　things　go　very　bad　every　where；　and　even　in　the　Council　nobody　minds　the　public。

4th。　　There　were　several　people　trying　a　new…fashion　gun　brought　my　Lord　Peterborough　this　morning；　to　shoot　off　often；　one　after　another；　without　trouble　or　danger。　　At　Greenwich　I　observed　the　foundation　laying　of　a　very　great　house　for　the　King；　which　will　cost　a　great　deal　of　money。

10th。　　At　the　Privy　Seale　I　enquired；　and　found　the　Bill　come　for　the　Corporation　of　the　Royall　Fishery：　　whereof　the　Duke　of　York　is　made　present　Governor；　and　severall　other　very　great　persons；　to　the　number　of　thirty…two；　made　his　assistants　for　their　lives：　whereof；　by　my　Lord　Sandwich's　favour；　I　am　one：　　and　take　it　not　only　as　a　matter　of　honour；　but　that；　that　may　come　to　be　of　profit　to　me。

14th。　　To　White　Hall；　and　in　the　Duke's　chamber；　while　he　was　dressing；　two　persons　of　quality　that　were　there　did　tell　his　Regal　Highness　how　the　other　night；　in　Holborne；　about　midnight；　being　at　cards；　a　link…boy　come　by　and　run　into　the　house；　and　told　the　people　the　house　was　a…falling。　　Upon　this　the　whole　family　was　frighted；　concluding　that　the　boy　had　said　that；　the　house　was　a…fire：　　so　they　left　their　cards　above；　and　one　would　have　got　out　of　the　balcony；　but　it　was　not　open；　the　other　went　up　to　fetch　down　his　children；　that　were　in　bed：　　so　all　got　clear　out　of　the　house。　　And　no　sooner　so；　but　the　house　fell　down　indeed；　from　top　to　bottom。　　It　seems　my　Lord　Southampton's　canaille　did　come　too　near　their　foundation；　and　so　weakened　the　house；　and　down　it　come：　　which；　in　every　respect；　is　a　most　extraordinary　passage。　　The　business　between　my　Lords　Chancellor　and　Bristoll；　they　say；　is　hushed　up：　　and　the　latter　gone　or　going；　by　the　King's　licence；　to　France。

15th。　　My　poor　brother　Tom　died。

16th。　　To　the　office；　where　we　sat　this　afternoon；　having　changed　this　day　our　sittings　from　morning　to　afternoon；　because　of　the　Parliament　which　returned　yesterday；　but　was　adjourned　till　Monday　next；　upon　pretence　that　many　of　the　members　were　said　to　be　upon　the　road；　and　also　the　King　had　other　affairs；　and　so　desired　them　to　adjourn　till　then。　　But　the　truth　is；　the　King　is　offended　at　my　Lord　of　Bristoll；　as　they　say；　whom　he　hath　found　to　have　been　all　this　while　（pretending　a　desire　of　leave　to　go　into　France；　and　to　have　all　the　differences　between　him　and　the　Chancellor　made　up；）　endeavouring　to　make：　　factions　in　both　Houses　to　the　Chancellor。　　So　the　King　did　this　to　keep　the　Houses　from　meeting；　and　in　the　meanwhile　sent　a　guard　and　a　herald　last　night　to　have　taken　him　at　Wimbleton；　where　he　was　in　the　morning；　but　could　not　find　him：　　at　which　the　King　was　and　is　still　mightily　concerned；　and　runs　up　and　down　to　and　from　the　Chancellor's　like　a　boy：　　and　it　seems　would　make　Digby's　articles　against　the　Chancellor　to　be　treasonable　reflections　against　his　Majesty。　　So　that　the　King　is　very　high；　as　they　say；　and　God　knows　what　will　follow　upon　it！

18th。　　To　church；　and　with　the　grave…maker　chose　a　place　for　my　brother　to　lie　in；　just　under　my　mother's　pew。　　But　to　see　how　a　man's　tombes　＇QUERY　Bones？＇　　are　at　the　mercy　of　such　a　fellow；　that　for　sixpence　he　would；　（as　his　own　words　were；）　〃I　will　justle　them　together　but　I　will　make　room　for　him；〃　speaking　of　the　fulness　of　the　middle　isle；　where　he　was　to　lie。　　I　dressed　myself；　and　so　did　my　servant　Besse；　and　so　to　my　brother's　again：　　whither；