n the borders of Lake Leman to the complex life of a Parisian salon； and the provincial beauty； whose fair face； soft blue eyes； dignified but slightly coquettish manner； brilliant intellect； and sparkling though sometimes rather learned conversation had made her a local queen； was quick to see her own shortcomings。 She confessed that she had a new language to learn； and she never fully mastered it。 〃Mme。 Necker has talent； but it is in a sphere too elevated for one to communicate with her；〃 said Mme。 du Deffand； though she was glad to go once a week to her suppers at Saint…Ouen； and admitted that in spite of a certain stiffness and coldness she was better fitted for society than most of the grandes dames。 The salon of Mme。 Necker marks a transition point between two periods； and had two quite distinct phases。 One likes best to recall her in the freshness of her early enthusiasm； when she gave Friday dinners； modeled after those of Mme。 Geoffrin； to men of letters； and received a larger world in the evening； when her guests were enlivened by the satire of Diderot； the anecdotes of Marmontel； the brilliancy or learning of Grimm； d'Alembert； Thomas； Suard； Buffon； the Abbe Raynal； and other wits of the day； when they discussed the affairs of the Academy and decided the fate of candidates； when they listened to the recitations of Mlle。 Clairon； and the works of many authors known and unknown。 It is interesting to recall that 〃Paul and Virginia〃 was first read here。 But there was apt to be a shade of stiffness； and the conversation had sometimes too strong a flavor of pedantry。 〃No one knows better or feels more sensibly than you； my dear and very amiable friend；〃 wrote Mme。 Geoffrin； 〃the charm of friendship and its sweetness； no one makes others experience them more fully。 But you will never attain that facility； that ease； and that liberty which give to society its perfect enjoyment。〃 The Abbe Morellet complained of the austerity that always held the conversation within certain limits； and the gay little Abbe Galiani found fault with Mme。 Necker's coldness and reserve； though he addresses her as his 〃Divinity〃 after his return to Naples； and his racy letters give us vivid and amusing pictures of these Fridays； which in his memory are wholly charming。
In spite of her firm religious convictions； Mme。 Necker cordially welcomed the most extreme of the philosophers。 〃I have atheistic friends；〃 she said。 〃Why not？ They are unfortunate friends。〃 But her admiration for their talents by no means extended to their opinions； and she did not permit the discussion of religious questions。 It was at one of her own dinners that she started the subscription for a statue of Voltaire； for whom she entertained the warmest friendship。 One may note here； as elsewhere； a fine mental poise； a justness of spirit； and a discrimination that was superior to natural prejudices。 Sometimes her frank simplicity was misunderstood。 〃There is a Mme。 Necker here； a pretty woman and a bel esprit； who is infatuated with me； she persecutes me to have me at her house；〃 wrote Diderot to Mlle。 Volland； with an evident incapacity to comprehend the innocent appreciation of a pure…hearted woman。 When he knew her better； he expressed his regret that he had not known her sooner。 〃You would certainly have inspired me with a taste for purity and for delicacy；〃 he says； 〃which would have passed from my soul into my works。〃 He refers to her again as 〃a woman who possesses all that the purity of an angelic soul adds to an exquisite taste。〃
Among the many distinguished foreigners who found their way into this pleasant circle was her early lover； Gibbon。 The old days were far away when she presided over the literary coterie at Lausanne； speculated upon the mystery of love； talked of the possibility of tender and platonic friendships between men and women； after the fashion of the precieuses； and wept bitter tears over the faithlessness of the embryo historian。 The memory of her grief had long been lost in the fullness of subsequent happiness； and one readily pardons her natural complacency in the brilliancy of a position which took little added luster from the fame of the man who had wooed and so easily forgotten her。
This period of Mme。 Necker's career shows her character on a very engaging side。 Loving her husband with a devotion that verged upon idolatry； she was rich in the friendship of men like Thomas； Buffon； Grimm； Diderot； and Voltaire； whose respectful tone was the highest tribute to her dignity and her delicacy。 But the true nature of a woman is best seen in her relations with her own sex。 There are a thousand fine reserves in her relations with men that； in a measure； veil her personality。 They doubtless call out the most brilliant qualities of her intellect； and reveal her character； in some points； on its best and most lovable side； but the rare shades of generous and unselfish feeling are more clearly seen in the intimate friendships； free from petty vanities and jealous rivalries； rich in cordial appreciation and disinterested affection； which we often find among women of the finest type。 It is impossible that one so serious and so earnest as Mme。 Necker should have cherished such passionate friendships for her own sex； if she had been as cold or as calculating as she has been sometimes represented。 Her intimacy with Mme。 de Marchais； of which we have so many pleasant details； furnishes a case in point。
This graceful and vivacious woman； who talked so eloquently upon philosophical； political； and economic questions； was the center of a circle noted for its liberal tendencies。 A friend of Mme。 de Pompadour； at whose suppers she often sang； gifted； witty； and； in spite of a certain seriousness； retaining always the taste； the elegance； the charming manners which were her native heritage； she attracted to her salon not only a distinguished literary company； but many men and women from the great world of which she only touched the borders。 Mme。 Necker had sought the aid and advice of Mme。 de Marchais in the formation of her own salon； and had taken for her one of those ardent attachments so characteristic of earnest and susceptible natures。 She confided to her all the secrets of her heart； she felt a double pleasure when her joys and her little troubles were shared with this sympathetic companion。 〃I had for her a passionate affection；〃 she says。 〃When I first saw her my whole soul was captivated。 I thought her one of those enchanting fairies who combine all the gifts of nature and of magic。 I loved her； or； rather； I idolized her。〃 So pure； so confiding； so far above reproach herself； she refuses to see the faults of one she loves so tenderly。 Her letters glow with exalted sentiment。 〃Adieu； my charming； my beautiful； my sweet friend；〃 she writes。 〃I embrace you。 I press you to my bosom； or； rather； to my soul； for it seems to me that no interval can separate yours from mine。〃
But the character of Mme。 de Marchais was evidently not equal to her fascination。 Her vanity was wounded by the success of her friend。 She took offense at a trifling incident that touched her self…love。 〃The great ladies have disgusted me with friendship；〃 she wrote； in reply to Mme。 Necker's efforts to repair the breach。 They returned to each other the letters so full of vows of eternal fidelity； and were friends no more。 Apparently without any fault of her own； Mme。 Necker was left with an illusion the less； and the world has another example to cite of the frail texture of feminine friendships。
She was not always； however； so unfortunate in her choice。 She found a more amiable and constant object for her affections in Mme。 d'Houdetot； a charming woman who； in spite of her errors； held a very warm place in the hearts of her cotemporaries。 We have met her before in the philosophical circles of La Chevrette； and in the beautiful promenades of the valley of Montmorency； where Rousseau offered her the incense of a passionate and poetic love。 She was facile and witty； graceful and gay； said wise and thoughtful things； wrote pleasant verses which were the exhalations of her own heart； and was the center of a limited though distinguished circle； but her chief attraction was the magic of a sunny temper and a loving spirit。 〃He only is unhappy who can neither love； nor work； nor die；〃 she writes。 Though more or less linked with the literary coteries of her time； Mme。 d'Houdetot seems to have been singularly free from the small vanities and vulgar ambitions so often met there。 She loved simple pleasures and the peaceful scenes of the country。 〃What more have we to desire when we can enjoy the pleasures of friendship and of nature？〃 she writes。 〃We may then pass lightly over the small troubles of life。〃 She counsels repose to her more restless friend； and her warm expressions of affection have always the ring of sincerity； which contrasts agreeably with the artificial tone of the time。 Mme。 d'Houdetot lived to a great age； preserving always her youthfulness of spirit and sweet serenity of temper； in spite of sharp domestic sorrows。 She took refuge from these in the life…long friendship of Saint…Lambert； for whom Mme。 Necker has usually a graciou