the golden sayings- 第3部分

virtue；　and　all　such　opposites；　for　the　harmony　of　the　whole。





XXVII







Have　this　thought　ever　present　with　thee；　when　thou　losest

any　outward　thing；　what　thou　gainest　in　its　stead；　and　if　this　be

the　more　precious；　say　not；　I　have　suffered　loss。





XXVIII







Concerning　the　Gods；　there　are　who　deny　the　very　existence

of　the　Godhead；　others　say　that　it　exists；　but　neither　bestirs

nor　concerns　itself　norhas　forethought　for　anything。　A　third

party　attribute　to　it　existence　and　forethought；　but　only　for

great　and　heavenly　matters；　not　for　anything　that　is　on　earth。　A

fourth　party　admit　things　on　earth　as　well　as　in　heaven；　but　only

in　general；　and　not　with　respect　to　each　individual。　A　fifth；　of

whom　were　Ulysses　and　Socrates　are　those　that　cry：



I　move　not　without　Thy　knowledge！





XXIX







Considering　all　these　things；　the　good　and　true　man　submits

his　judgement　to　Him　that　administers　the　Universe；　even　as　good

citizens　to　the　law　of　the　State。　And　he　that　is　being　instructed

should　come　thus　minded：How　may　I　in　all　things　follow　the

Gods；　and；　How　may　I　rest　satisfied　with　the　Divine

Administration；　and；　How　may　I　become　free？　For　he　is　free　for

whom　all　things　come　to　pass　according　to　his　will；　and　whom　none

can　hinder。　What　then；　is　freedom　madness？　God　forbid。　For

madness　and　freedom　exist　not　together。



〃But　I　wish　all　that　I　desire　to　come　to　pass　and　in　the

manner　that　I　desire。〃



You　are　mad；　you　are　beside　yourself。　Know　you　not　that

Freedom　is　a　glorious　thing　and　of　great　worth？　But　that　what　I

desired　at　random　I　should　wish　at　random　to　come　to　pass；　so　far

from　being　noble；　may　well　be　exceeding　base。





XXX







You　must　know　that　it　is　no　easy　thing　for　a　principle　to

become　a　man's　own；　unless　each　day　he　maintain　it　and　hear　it

maintained；　as　well　as　work　it　out　in　life。





XXXI







You　must　know　that　it　is　no　easy　thing　for　a　principle　to

become　a　man's　own；　unless　each　day　he　maintain　it　and　hear　it

maintained；　as　well　as　work　it　out　in　life。





XXXII











What　then　is　the　chastisement　of　those　who　accept　it　not？　To

be　as　they　are。　Is　any　discontented　with　being　alone？　let　him　be

in　solitude。　Is　any　discontented　with　his　parents？　let　him　be　a

bad　son；　and　lament。　Is　any　discontented　with　his　children？　let

him　be　a　bad　father。〃Throw　him　into　prision！〃What　prision？

Where　he　is　already：　for　he　is　there　against　his　will；　and

wherever　a　man　is　against　his　will；　that　to　him　is　a　prision。

Thus　Socrates　was　not　in　prision；　since　he　was　there　with　his　own

consent。





XXXIII







Knowest　thou　what　a　speck　thou　art　in　comparison　with　the

Universe？…That　is；　with　respect　to　the　body；　since　with　respect

to　Reason；　thou　art　not　inferior　to　the　Gods；　nor　less　than　they。

For　the　greatness　of　Reason　is　not　measured　by　length　or　height；

but　by　the　resolves　of　the　mind。　Place　then　thy　happiness　in　that

wherein　thou　art　equal　to　the　Gods。





XXXIV







Asked　how　a　man　might　eat　acceptably　to　the　Gods；　Epictetus

replied：If　when　he　eats；　he　can　be　just；　cheerful；　equable；

temperate；　and　orderly；　can　he　not　thus　eat　acceptably　to　the

Gods？　But　when　you　call　for　warm　water；　and　your　slave　does　not

answer；　or　when　he　answers　brings　it　lukewarm；　or　is　not　even

found　to　be　in　the　house　at　all；　then　not　to　be　vexed　nor　burst

with　anger；　is　not　that　acceptable　to　the　Gods？



〃But　how　can　one　endure　such　people？〃



Slave；　will　you　not　endure　your　own　brother；　that　has　God　to

his　forefather；　even　as　a　son　sprung　from　the　same　stock；　and　of

the　same　high　descent　as　yourself？　And　if　you　are　stationed　in　a

high　position；　are　you　therefor　forthwith　set　up　for　a　tyrant？

Remember　who　you　are；　and　whom　you　rule；　that　they　are　by　nature

your　kinsmen；　your　brothers；　the　offspring　of　God。



〃But　I　paid　a　price　for　them；　not　they　for　me。〃



Do　you　see　whither　you　are　lookingdown　to　the　earth；　to

the　pit；　to　those　despicable　laws　of　the　dead？　But　to　the　laws　of

the　Gods　you　do　not　look。





XXXV





When　we　are　invited　to　a　banquet；　we　take　what　is　set　before

us；　and　were　one　to　call　upon　his　host　to　set　fish　upon　the　table

or　sweet　things；　he　would　be　deemed　absurd。　Yet　in　a　word；　we　ask

the　Gods　for　what　they　do　not　give；　and　that；　although　they　have

given　us　so　many　things！





XXXVI







Asked　how　a　man　might　convince　himself　that　every　single　act

of　his　was　under　the　eye　of　God；　Epictetus　answered：



〃Do　you　not　hold　that　things　on　earth　and　things　in　heaven

are　continuous　and　in　unison　with　each　other？〃



〃I　do；〃　was　the　reply。



〃Else　how　should　the　trees　so　regularly；　as　though　by　God's

command；　at　His　bidding　flower；　at　His　bidding　send　forth　shoots；

bear　fruit　and　ripen　it；　at　His　bidding　let　it　fall　and　shed

their　leaves；　and　folded　up　upon　themselves　lie　in　quietness　and

rest？　How　else；　as　the　Moon　waxes　and　wanes；　as　the　Sun

approaches　and　recedes；　can　it　be　that　such　vicissitude　and

alternation　is　seen　in　earthly　things？



〃If　then　all　things　that　grow；　nay；　our　own　bodies；　are　thus

bound　up　with　the　whole；　is　not　this　still　truer　of　our　souls？

And　if　our　souls　are　bound　up　and　in　contact　with　God；　as　being

very　parts　and　fragments　plucked　from　Himself；　shall　He　not　feel

every　movement　of　theirs　as　though　it　were　His　own；　and　belonging

to　His　own　nature？〃





XXXVII







〃But；〃　you　say；　〃I　cannot　comprehend　all　this　at　once。〃



〃Why；　who　told　you　that　your　powers　were　equal　to　God's？〃



Yet　God　hath　placed　by　the　side　of　each　a　man's　own　Guardian

Spirit；　who　is　charged　to　watch　over　hima　Guardian　who　sleeps

not　nor　is　deceived。　For　to　what　better　or　more　watchful　Guardian

could　He　have　committed　wach　of　us？　So　when　you　have　shut　the

doors　and　made　a　darkness　within；　remember　never　to　say　that　you

are　alone；　for　you　are　not　alone；　but　God　is　within；　and　your

Guardian　Spirit；　and　what　light　do　they　need　to　behold　what　you

do？　To　this　God　you　also　should　have　sworn　allegiance；　even　as

soliders　unto　Caesar。　They；　when　their　service　is　hired；　swear　to

hold　the　life　of　Caesar　dearer　than　all　else：　and　will　you　not

swear　your　oath；　that　are　deemed　worthy　of　so　many　and　great

gifts？　And　will　you　not　keep　your　oath　when　you　have　sworn　it？

And　what　oath　will　you　swear？　Never　to　disobey；　never　to　arraign

or　murmur　at　aught　that　comes　to　you　from　His　hand：　never

unwillingly　to　do　or　suffer　aught　that　necessity　lays　upon　you。



〃Is　this　oath　like　theirs？〃



They　swear　to　hold　no　other　dearer　than　Caesar：　you；　to　hold

our　true　selves　dearer　than　all　else　beside。　





XXXVIII







〃How　shall　my　brother　cease　to　be　wroth　with　me？〃



Bring　him　to　me；　and　I　will　tell　him。　But　to　thee　I　have

nothing　to　say　about　his　anger。





XXXIX







When　one　took　counsel　of　Epictetus；　saying；　〃What　I　seek　is

this；　how　even　though　my　brother　be　not　reconciled　to　me；　I　may

still　remain　as　Nature　would　have　me　to　be；〃　he　replied：　〃All

great　things　are　slow　of　growth；　nay；　this　is　true　even　of　a

grape　or　of　a　fig。　If　then　you　say　to　me　now；　I　desire　a　fig；　I

shall　answer；　It　needs　time：　wait　till　it　first　flower；　then　cast

its　blossom；　then　ripen。　Whereas　then　the　fruit　of　the　fig…tree

reaches　not　maturity　suddenly　nor　yet　in　a　single　hour；　do　you

nevertheless　desire　so　quickly；　and　easily　to　reap　the　fruit　of

the　mind　of　man？　Nay；　expect　it　not；　even　though　I　bade　you！〃





XL







Epaphroditus　had　a　shoemaker　whom　he　sold　as　being　good…for…nothing。

This　fellow；　by　some　accident；　was　afterwards

purchased　by　one　of　Caesar's　men；　and　became　a　shoemaker　to

Caesar。　You　should　have　seen　what　respect　Epaphroditus　paid　him

then。　〃How　does　the　good　Felicion？　Kindly　let　me　know！〃　And　if

any　of　us　inquired；　〃What　is　Epaphroditus　doing？〃　the　answer　was；

〃He　is　consulting　about　so　and　so　with　Felicion。〃　Had　he　not

sold　him　as　good…for…nothing？　Who　had　in　a　trice　converted　him

into　a　wiseacre？



This　is　what　comes　of　holding　of　importance　anything　but　the

things　that　depend　on　the　Will。





XLI







What　you　shun　enduring　yourself；　attempt　not　to　impose　on

others。　You　shun　slavery　beware　of　enslaving　others！　If　you　can

endure　to　do　that；　one　would　thing　you　had　been　once　upon　a　time

a　slave　yourself。　For　Vice　has　nothing　in　common　with　virtue；　nor

Freedom　with　slavery。





XLII







Has　a　man　been　raised　to　tribuneship？　Every　one　that　he

meets　congratulates　him。　One　kisses　him　on　the　eyes；　another　on

the　neck；　while　the　slaves　kiss　his　hands。　He　goes　home　to　find

torches　burning；　he　ascends　to　the　Capitol　to　sacrifice。　Who

ever　sacrificed　for　having　had　right　desires；　for　having

conceived　such　inclinations　as　Nature　would　have　him？　In　truth　we

thank　the　Gods　for　that　wherein　we　place　our　h