b。过去分词置于句首。
例：Also said to be under consideration is a performance in Beijing。
据说也考虑在北京上演。（这里过去分词与also连用，全句强调主语performance，倒装亦与上下文衔接有关）
c。 现在分词＋be＋主语。
例：Covering much of the earth’s surface is a blanket of water。
地球表面上许多地方都布满了水。
d。 引述动词＋主语＋直接引语，这种结构常用于新闻体。
例：Said he： “We confront great evils and we need great solution。”
②表语置于句首。
a。 形容词＋连系动词＋主语。
例：Present at the meeting were Professor Smith； Professor Brown； Sir Hugh and many other celebrities。
到会的有史密斯教授、布朗教授、休爵士及许多其他知名人士。
b。 过去分词＋连系动词＋主语。
例：Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese People。
他们能够对中国人民为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。
c。 介词短语＋be＋主语。
例：Among the goods are Christmas trees； flowers； candles； turkeys and toys。
货品中有圣诞树、花卉、蜡烛、火鸡和玩具。
③宾语置于句首。
例：“Yes。” said the youth shortly。
“是的。”那个小伙子简短地说道。
a。 介词短语＋倒装结构。
例：By his side sat his faithful dog。
在他的旁边蹲着他的忠实的狗。（介词短语表地点）
Many a time as a boy have I climbed that hill。
我在童年时期曾多次爬过那座山。（介词短语表时间）
b。 表示否定的词语＋倒装结构。如：
例：Not once did he talk to me。
他一次也没有和我谈过。
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining。
他一到家，她就抱怨起来。
Not only did they present a musical performance； but they also gone a brief introduction to the history of western brass instruments。
他们不但作了音乐表演，而且简短地介绍了西方铜管乐器的历史。
［注］ 但不是所有以not开头的句子都必须倒装，如下面的句子即可不倒装：
例：Not a soul was to be seen。
一个人也看不见。
Not that I know of。
据我所知不是这样。
Unit One十四、时 文 选 读
十四、时 文 选 读
连战北京大学演讲（精选）
Seeing the grass；the trees；the things and people；thinking about my mother’s young days when she received education and made an advanced study on this campus；I really feel very amiable。My mother is already 96 years old now。She was very happy and gave me a sweet smile when I told her my visit to the mainland。The media in Taiwan said I came back to “Alma Mater”；the school of my mother’s。That’s a very correct report。 看到斯草、斯木、斯事、斯人，想到我母亲在这儿年轻的岁月，在这个校园接受教育、进修成长，心里面实在是非常亲切。她老人家今年已经96岁了，我告诉她我要到这边来，她还是笑咪咪的，很高兴。台湾的媒体说我今天回“母”校，母亲的学校。这是一个非常正确的报道。 As we all know；since a long time war and bloodshed has happened not only between us in the past；but also the whole world which has been suffering and wrecked。There is a sculpture in front of UN—a gun hits into iron；nearly breaks—which has a deep meaning；reading：〃Melt sword in a spot to rebuild the people’s livelihood and improve their life。〃 我们各位都知道，我们在过去来讲，长久以来战争流血不只是我们之间，整个世界都普受它的痛苦和摧残，联合国前面有一个雕塑，一把枪打进铁，差不多要打断了，它的含义很深，上面写着：把刀剑熔化成为一处，来重生民生建设、生活改善。 All of you are the country’s and even the nation’s future pilots。So；at this moment；I recollect America’s expresident Regan’s famous word：〃If we didn’t do it；who would do it。〃If we don’t do it now；when will we do it？It is because of this that I am here。 大家都是将来国家社会乃至于民族的领航员，所以在这样的一个时刻，我又想到，以前美国的里根总统提到的那句很好的话，他说“假如我们不做，谁来做”。假如现在不做什么时候做，我就是因为这样，所以来到这里。
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