labour。 I was not set to these tasks by my Father； who； in fact； did not much approve of them。 He was touched； too； with the 'originality' heresy； and exhorted me not to copy him； but to go out into the garden or the shore and describe something new； in a new way。 That was quite impossible； I possessed no initiative。 But I can now well understand why my Father； very indulgently and good…temperedly； deprecated these exercises of mine。 They took up； and； as he might well think； wasted； an enormous quantity of time； and they were； moreover； parodies； rather than imitations； of his writings； for I invented new species； with sapphire spots and crimson tentacles and amber bands； which were close enough to his real species to be disconcerting。 He came from conscientiously shepherding the flocks of ocean； and I do not wonder that my ring…straked； speckled and spotted varieties put him out of countenance。 If I had not been so innocent and solemn； he might have fancied I was mocking him。
These extraordinary excursions into science； falsely so called； occupied a large part of my time。 There was a little spare room at the back of our house； dedicated to lumber and to empty portmanteaux。 There was a table in it already； and I added a stool； this cheerless apartment now became my study。 I spent so many hours here； in solitude and without making a sound； that my Father's curiosity； if not his suspicion； was occasionally aroused； and he would make a sudden raid on me。 I was always discovered； doubled up over the table； with my pen and ink； or else my box of colours and tumbler of turbid water by my hand； working away like a Chinese student shut up in his matriculating box。
It might have been done for a wager； if anything so simple had ever been dreamed of in our pious household。 The apparatus was slow and laboured。 In order to keep my uncouth handwriting in bounds； I was obliged to rule not lines only； but borders to my pages。 The subject did not lend itself to any flow of language； and I was obliged incessantly to borrow sentences； word for word； from my Father's published books。 Discouraged by everyone around me； daunted by the laborious effort needful to carry out the scheme； it seems odd to me now that I persisted in so strange and wearisome an employment； but it became an absorbing passion； and was indulged in to the neglect of other lessons and other pleasures。
My Father； as the spring advanced； used to come up to the Boxroom； as my retreat was called； and hunt me out into the sunshine。 But I soon crept back to my mania。 It gave him much trouble； and Miss Marks； who thought it sheer idleness； was vociferous in objection。 She would gladly have torn up all my writings and paintings； and have set me to a useful task。 My Father； with his strong natural individualism； could not take this view。 He was interested in this strange freak of mine； and he could not wholly condemn it。 But he must have thought is a little crazy； and it is evident to me now that it led to the revolution in domestic policy by which he began to encourage any acquaintance with other young people as much as he had previously discouraged it。 He saw that I could not be allowed to spend my whole time in a little stuffy room making solemn and ridiculous imitations of Papers read before the Linnaean Society。 He was grieved； moreover； at the badness of my pictures； for I had no native skill； and he tried to teach me his own system of miniature…painting as applied to natural history。 I was forced； in deep depression of spirits； to turn from my grotesque monographs； and paint under my Father's eye； and； from a finished drawing of his； a gorgeous tropic bird in flight。 Aided by my habit of imitation； I did at length produce some thing which might have shown promise； if it had not been wrung from me； touch by touch； pigment by pigment； under the orders of a task…master。
All this had its absurd side； but I seem to perceive that it had also its value。 It is； surely； a mistake to look too near at hand for the benefits of education。 What is actually taught in early childhood is often that part of training which makes least impression on the character； and is of the least permanent importance。 My labours failed to make me a zoologist； and the multitude of my designs and my descriptions have left me helplessly ignorant of the anatomy of a sea…anemone。 Yet I cannot look upon the mental discipline as useless。 It taught me to concentrate my attention； to define the nature of distinctions； to see accurately； and to name what I saw。 Moreover； it gave me the habit of going on with any piece of work I had in hand； not flagging because the interest or picturesqueness of the theme had declined； but pushing forth towards a definite goal； well foreseen and limited beforehand。 For almost any intellectual employment in later life； it seems to me that this discipline was valuable。 I am； however； not the less conscious how ludicrous was the mode in which； in my tenth year； I obtained it。
My spiritual condition occupied my Father's thoughts very insistently at this time。 Closing； as he did； most of the doors of worldly pleasure and energy upon his conscience； he had continued to pursue his scientific investigations without any sense of sin。 Most fortunate it was； that the collecting of marine animals in the tidal pools； and the description of them in pages which were addressed to the wide scientific public； at no time occurred to him as in any way inconsistent with his holy calling。 His conscience was so delicate； and often so morbid in its delicacy； that if that had occurred to him； he would certainly have abandoned his investigations； and have been left without an employment。 But happily he justified his investigation by regarding it as a glorification of God's created works。 In the introduction of his Actinologia Britannica； written at the time which I have now reached in this narrative； he sent forth his labours with a phrase which I should think unparalleled in connection with a learned and technical biological treatise。 He stated； concerning that book； that he published it 'as one more tribute humbly offered to the glory of the Triune God； who is wonderful in counsel； and excellent in working'。 Scientific investigation sincerely carried out in that spirit became a kind of weekday interpretation of the current creed of Sundays。
The development of my faculties； of which I have spoken； extended to the religious sphere no less than to the secular； Here； also； as I look back； I see that I was extremely imitative。 I expanded in the warmth of my Father's fervour； and； on the whole； in a manner that was satisfactory to him。 He observed the richer hold that I was now taking on life； he saw my faculties branching in many directions； and he became very anxious to secure my maintenance in grace。 In earlier years； certain sides of my character had offered a sort of passive resistance to his ideas。 I had let what I did not care to welcome pass over my mind in the curious density that children adopt in order to avoid receiving impressionsblankly； dumbly； achieving by stupidity what they cannot achieve by argument。 I think that I had frequently done this； that he had been brought up against a dead wall； although on other sides of my nature I had been responsive and docile。 But now； in my tenth year； the imitative faculty got the upper hand； and nothing seemed so attractive as to be what I was expected to be。 If there was a doubt now； it lay in the other direction； it seemed hardly normal that so young a child should appear so receptive and so apt。
My Father believed himself justified； at this juncture； in making a tremendous effort。 He wished to secure me finally； exhaustively； before the age of puberty could dawn； before my soul was fettered with the love of carnal things。 He thought that if I could now be identified with the 'saints'； and could stand on exactly their footing； a habit of conformity would be secured。 I should meet the paganizing tendencies of advancing years with security if I could be forearmed with all the weapons of a sanctified life。 He wished me； in short； to be received into the community of the Brethren on the terms of an adult。 There were difficulties in the way of carrying out this scheme； and they were urged upon him； more or less courageously； by the elders of the church。 But he overbore them。 What the difficulties were； and what were the arguments which he used to sweep those difficulties away； I must now explain； for in this lay the centre of our future relations as father and son。
In dealing with the peasants around him； among whom he was engaged in an active propaganda； my Father always insisted on the necessity of conversion。 There must be a new birth and being； a fresh creation in God。 This crisis he was accustomed to regard as manifesting itself in a sudden and definite upheaval。 There might have been prolonged practical piety； deep and true contrition for sin； but these； although the natural and suitable prologue to conversion； were not conversion itself。 People hung on at the confines of regeneration； often for a very long time； my Father dealt earnestly with them； the elders ministered to them； with explanation； exhortation and prayer。 Such persons were in a grac