《the origins of contemporary france-4》

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608; 641。  Other falsehoods just as extravagant are nearly all

grotesque。  No。630; (April 15; 1792)。  〃Simonneau; mayor of d'Etampes;

is an infamous ministerial monopolizer。〃 … No。  627; (April 12; 1792)。

Delessart; the minister; 〃accepts gold to let a got…up decree be

passed against him。〃 No。  650; (May 10; 1792)。  〃Louis XVI。  desired

war only to establish his despotism on an indestructible foundation。〃



'31' Chevremont; I。; 106。  (Draft of a declaration of the rights of

man and of the citizen; 1789)。  … Ibid。; I。; 196。



'32' 〃L'Ami du peuple;〃 Nos。  24 and 274。  … Cf。  〃Placard de Marat;〃

Sept。  18; 1792。  〃The National Convention should always be under the

eye of the people; so that the people may stone it if it neglects its

duty。〃



'33' 〃L'Ami du peuple;〃 Nos。  108…111。  (May 20…23; 1790)。



'34' Ibid。; No。258。  (Oct。22; 1790)。



'35' Ibid。; No。286 (Nov。  20; I790)。



'36' Ibid。; No。  198 (August 22; 1790)。



'37' Ibid。; Nos。  523 and 524 (July 19 and 20; 1791)。



'38' Ibid。; No。626 (Dec。  15; 1791)。



'39' Ibid。; No。668 (July 8; 1792)。  … Cf。  No。  649 (May 6; 1792)。  He

approves of the murder of General Dillon by his men; and recommends

the troops everywhere to do the same thing。



'40' Ibid。; No。677 (August 10; 1792)。  See also subsequent numbers;

especially No。  680; Aug。  19th; for hastening on the massacre of the

Abbaye prisoners。  And Aug。  21st: 〃As to the officers; they deserve

to be quartered like Louis Capet and his manège toadies。〃



'41' Buchez et Roux; XXVIII。; 105。  (Letter of Chevalier Saint…Dizier;

member of the first committee of Surveillance; Sep。10; 1792。) …

Michelet; II。; 94。  (In December; 1790; he already demands twenty

thousand heads)。



'42' Moniteur; Oct。  26; 1792。  (Session of the Convention; Oct。

24th。) 〃N … : I know a member of the convention; who heard Marat say

that; to ensure public tranquility; two hundred and seventy thousand

heads more should fall。〃



Vermont:       〃I declare that Marat made that

                statement in my presence。〃



Marat:         〃Well; I did say so; that's my

                opinion and I say it again。〃 …



Up to the last he advocates surgical operations。  (No。  for July 12;

1793; the eve of his death。) Observe what he says on the anti…

revolutionaries。  〃To prevent them from entering into any new military

body I had proposed at that time; as an indispensable prudent measure;

cutting off their ears; or rather their thumbs。〃 He likewise had his

imitators。  (Buchez et Roux; XXXII。; 186; Session of the Convention;

April 4; 1796。) Deputies from the popular club of Cette 〃regret that

they had not followed his advice and cut off three hundred thousand heads。〃



'43' Danton never wrote or printed a speech。   〃I am no writer;〃 he

says。  (Garat; Memoires;〃 31。)



'44' Garat; 〃Memoires;〃 III。: 〃Danton had given no serious study to

those philosophers who; for a century past; had detected the

principles of social art in human nature。  He had not sought in his

own organization for the vast and simple combinations which a great

empire demands。  He had that instinct for the grand which constitutes

genius and that silent circumspection which constitutes judgment。〃



'45' Garat; ibid。; 311; 312。



'46' The head of a State may be considered in the same light as the

superintendent of an asylum for the sick; the demented and the infirm。

In the government of his asylum he undoubtedly does well to consult

the moralist and the physiologist; but; before following out their

instructions he must remember that in his asylum its inmates;

including the keepers and himself; are more or less ill; demented or

infirm。



'47' De Sybel: 〃Histoire de l'Europe pendant la Revolution Fran?aise;〃

(Dosquet's translation from the German) II。; 303。  〃It can now be

stated that it was the active operations of Danton and the first

committee of Public Safety which divided the coalition and gave the

Republic the power of opposing Europe 。  。  。  We shall soon see; on

the contrary; that the measures of the 〃Mountain〃 party; far from

hastening the armaments; hindered them。〃



'48' Ibid。; I。; 558; 562; 585。  (The intermediaries were Westermann

and Dumouriez。)



'49' 2 Ibid。; II。; 28; 290; 291; 293。



'50' Buchez et Roux; XXV。; 445。  (Session of April 13; 1793。)



'51' According to a statement made by Count Theodore de Lameth; the

eldest of the four brothers Lameth and a colonel and also deputy in

the Legislative Assembly。  During the Assembly he was well acquainted

with Danton。  After the September massacre he took refuge in

Switzerland and was put on the list of emigrants。  About a month

before the King's death he was desirous of making a last effort and

came to Paris。  〃I went straight to Danton's house; and; without

giving my name; insisted on seeing him immediately。  Finally; I was

admitted and I found Danton in a bath…tub。  〃You here! 〃he exclaimed。

〃Do you know that I have only to say the word and send you to the

guillotine?〃 〃Danton;〃 I replied; 〃you are a great criminal; but there

are some vile things you cannot do; and one of them is to denounce

me。〃 〃 You come to save the King?〃 〃Yes。〃 We then began to talk in a

friendly and confidential way。  〃I am willing;〃 said Danton; 〃to try

and save the King; but I must have a million to buy up the necessary

votes and the money must be on hand in eight days。  I warn you that

although I may save his life I shall vote for his death; I am quite

willing to save his head but not to lose mine。〃 M。 de Lameth set

about raising the money; he saw the Spanish ambassador and had the

matter broached to Pitt who refused。  Danton; as he said he would;

voted for the King's death; and then aided or allowed the return of M。

de Lameth to Switzerland。  (I have this account through M (probably

Pasquier)。。  。  。  who had it from count Theodore de Lameth's own

lips。)



'52' Garat。  〃Memoires;〃 317。  〃Twenty times; he said to me one day; I

offered them peace。  They did not want it。  They refused to believe me

in order to reserve the right of ruining me。〃



'53' Cf。  the 〃Ancient Regime;〃 p。  501。



'54' 〃Danton;〃 by Dr。  Robinet; passim。  (Notices by Béon; one of

Danton's fellow…disciples。  … Fragment by Saint…Albin。) … 〃 The

Revolution;〃 II。; p。35; foot…note。



'55' Emile Bos; 〃Les Avocats du conseil du Roi;〃 515; 520。  (See

Danton's marriage…contract and the discussions about his fortune。

From 1787 to 1791; he is found engaged as counsel only in three

cases。)



'56' Madame Roland; 〃Memoires。〃 (Statement of Madame Danton to Madame

Roland。)



'57' Expressions used by Garat and R?derer。  … Larévilliere…Lepaux

calls him 〃the Cyclop。〃



'58' Fauchet describes him as 〃the Pluto of Eloquence。〃



'59' Riouffe; 〃Mémoires sur les prisons。〃 In prison every utterance

was mingled with oaths and gross expressions。〃



'60' Terms used by Fabre d'Eglantine and Garat。  … Beugnot; a very

good observer; had an accurate impression of Danton (〃Mémoires〃; I;

249…252)。  … M。 Dufort de Cheverney; (manuscript memoirs published by

M。 Robert de Crèveceur); after the execution of Babeuf; in 1797; had

an opportunity to hear Samson; the executioner; talk with a war

commissary; in an inn between Vend?me and Blois。  Samson recounted the

last moments of Danton and Fabre d'églantine。  Danton; on the way to

the scaffold; asked if he might sing。  〃There is nothing to hinder;〃

said Samson。  〃All right。  Try to remember the verses I have just

composed;〃 and he sang the following to a tune in vogue:



   Nous sommes menés au trépas       We are led to our death

   Par quantité de scélérats;        by a gang of scoundrels

   c'est ce qui nous désole。         that makes us sad。

   Mais bientot le moment viendra    But soon the time shall come

   Où chacun d'eux y passera;        when all of them shall follow

   c'est ce qui nous console。〃       that's our consolation。



'61' Buchez et Roux; XXI。; 108。  Speech (printed) by Pétion: 〃Marat

embraced Danton and Danton embraced him。  I certify that this took

place in my presence。〃



'62' Buchez et Roux; XXI。; 126。  (〃To Maximilian Robespierre and his

royalists;〃 a pamphlet by Louvet。) … Beugnot; 〃Mémoires;〃 I。; 250; 〃On

arriving in Paris as deputy from my department (to the Legislative

Assembly) Danton sought me and wanted me to join his party。  I dined

with him three times; in the Cour du Commerce; and always went away

frightened at his plans and energy。  。  。  。  He contented himself by

remarking to his friend Courtois and my colleague: 'Thy big Beugnot is

nothing but a devotee … you can do nothing with him。'〃



'63' The Cordeliers district。  (Buchez et Roux; IV。; 27。) Assembly

meeting of the Cordeliers district; November 11th; 1789; to sanction

Danton's permanent presidency。  He is always re…elected; and

unanimously。  This is the first sign of his ascendancy; although

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