Their approach was so noiseless that the Moorish sentinels upon the walls heard not a voice or a footfall。 The marques was accompanied by his old escalador； Ortega de Prado； who had distinguished himself at the scaling of Alhama。 This hardy veteran was stationed； with ten men furnished with scaling…ladders； in a cavity among the rocks close to the walls。 At a little distance seventy men were hid in a ravine； to be at hand to second him when he should have fixed his ladders。 The rest of the troops were concealed in another ravine commanding a fair approach to the gate of the fortress。 A shrewd and wary adalid； well acquainted with the place； was appointed to give signals； and so stationed that he could be seen by the various parties in ambush； but not by the garrison。
By orders of the marques a small body of light cavalry passed along the glen； and； turning round a point of rock； showed themselves before the town： they＇6＇skirred the fields almost to the gates； as if by way of bravado and to defy the garrison to a skirmish。 The Moors were not slow in replying to it。 About seventy horse and a number of foot who had guarded the walls sallied forth impetuously； thinking to make easy prey of these insolent marauders。 The Christian horsemen fled for the ravine； the Moors pursued them down the hill； until they heard a great shouting and tumult behind them。 Looking round toward the town； they beheld a scaling party mounting the walls sword in hand。 Wheeling about； they galloped for the gate： the marques of Cadiz and Luis Fernandez Puerto Carrero rushed forth at the same time with their ambuscade； and endeavored to cut them off； but the Moors succeeded in throwing themselves within the walls。
While Puerto Carrero stormed at the gate the marques put spurs to his horse and galloped to the support of Ortega de Prado and his scaling party。 He arrived at a moment of imminent peril； when the party was assailed by fifty Moors armed with cuirasses and lances； who were on the point of thrusting them from the walls。 The marques sprang from his horse； mounted a ladder sword in hand； followed by a number of his troops； and made a vigorous attack upon the enemy。* They were soon driven from the walls； and the gates and towers remained in possession of the Christians。 The Moors defended themselves for a short time in the streets； but at length took refuge in the castle； the walls of which were strong and capable of holding out until relief should arrive。 The marques had no desire to carry on a siege； and he had not provisions sufficient for many prisoners； he granted them； therefore； favorable terms。 They were permitted； on leaving their arms behind them； to march out with as much of their effects as they could carry； and it was stipulated that they should pass over to Barbary。 The marques remained in the place until both town and castle were put in a perfect state of defence and strongly garrisoned。
*Cura de los Palacios； c。 68。
Thus did Zahara return once more in possession of the Christians； to the great confusion of old Muley Abul Hassan； who； having paid the penalty of his ill…timed violence； was now deprived of its vaunted fruits。 The Castilian sovereigns were so gratified by this achievement of the valiant Ponce de Leon that they authorized him thenceforth to entitle himself duke of Cadiz and marques of Zahara。 The warrior； however； was so proud of the original title under which he had so often signalized himself that he gave it the precedence； and always signed himself marques； duke of Cadiz。 As the reader may have acquired the same predilection； we shall continue to call him by his ancient title。
CHAPTER XXVI。
OF THE FORTRESS OF ALHAMA； AND HOW WISELY IT WAS GOVERNED BY THE COUNT DE TENDILLA。
In this part of his chronicle the worthy father Fray Antonio Agapida indulges in triumphant exultation over the downfall of Zahara。 Heaven sometimes speaks （says he） through the mouths of false prophets for the confusion of the wicked。 By the fall of this fortress was the prediction of the santon of Granada in some measure fulfilled； that 〃the ruins of Zahara should fall upon the heads of the infidels。〃
Our zealous chronicler scoffs at the Moorish alcayde who lost his fortress by surprise in broad daylight； and contrasts the vigilance of the Christian governor of Alhama； the town taken in retaliation for the storming of Zahara。
The important post of Alhama was at this time confided by King Ferdinand to Don Inigo Lopez de Mendoza； count of Tendilla； a cavalier of noble blood； brother to the grand cardinal of Spain。 He had been instructed by the king not merely to maintain his post； but also to make sallies and lay waste the surrounding country。 His fortress was critically situated。 It was within seven leagues of Granada； and at no great distance from the warlike city of Loxa。 It was nestled in the lap of the mountains commanding the high…road to Malaga and a view over the extensive Vega。 Thus situated； in the heart of the enemy's country； surrounded by foes ready to assail him and a rich country for him to ravage； it behooved this cavalier to be for ever on the alert。 He was in fact an experienced veteran； a shrewd and wary officer； and a commander amazingly prompt and fertile in expedients。
On assuming the command he found that the garrison consisted but of one thousand men； horse and foot。 They were hardy troops； seasoned in rough mountain…campaigning； but reckless and dissolute； as soldiers are apt to be when accustomed to predatory warfare。 They would fight hard for booty； and then gamble it heedlessly away or squander it in licentious revelling。 Alhama abounded with hawking； sharping； idle hangers…on； eager to profit by the vices and follies of the garrison。 The soldiers were oftener gambling and dancing beneath the walls than keeping watch upon the battlements； and nothing was heard from morning till night but the noisy contests of cards and dice； mingled with the sound of the bolero or fandango； the drowsy strumming of the guitar； and the rattling of the castanets； while often the whole was interrupted by the loud brawl and fierce and bloody contest。
The count of Tendilla set himself vigorously to reform these excesses： he knew that laxity of morals is generally attended by neglect of duty； and that the least breach of discipline in the exposed situation of his fortress might be fatal。 〃Here is but a handful of men；〃 said he； 〃it is necessary that each man should be a hero。〃
He endeavored to awaken a proper ambition in the minds of his soldiers and to instil into them the high principles of chivalry。 〃A just war；〃 he observed； 〃is often rendered wicked and disastrous by the manner in which it is conducted； for the righteousness of the cause is not sufficient to sanction the profligacy of the means； and the want of order and subordination among the troops may bring ruin and disgrace upon the best…concerted plans。〃 But we cannot describe the character and conduct of this renowned commander in more forcible language than that of Fray Antonio Agapida； excepting that the pious father places in the foreground of his virtues his hatred of the Moors。 〃The count de Tendilla；〃 says he； 〃was a mirror of Christian knighthoodwatchful； abstemious； chaste； devout； and thoroughly filled with the spirit of the cause。 He labored incessantly and strenuously for the glory of the faith and the prosperity of their most Catholic majesties； and； above all； he hated the infidels with a pure and holy hatred。 This worthy cavalier discountenanced all idleness； rioting； chambering； and wantonness among his soldiery。 He kept them constantly to the exercise of arms； making them adroit in the use of their weapons and management of their steeds； and prompt for the field at a moment's notice。 He permitted no sound of lute or harp or song or other loose minstrelsy to be heard in his fortress； debauching the ear and softening the valor of the soldier； no other music was allowed but the wholesome rolling of the drum and braying of the trumpet； and such like spirit…stirring instruments as fill the mind with thoughts of iron war。 All wandering minstrels； sharping peddlers； sturdy trulls； and other camp trumpery were ordered to pack up their baggage； and were drummed out of the gates of Alhama。 In place of such lewd rabble he introduced a train of holy friars to inspirit his people by exhortation and prayer and choral chanting； and to spur them on to fight the good fight of faith。 All games of chance were prohibited except the game of war； and this he labored； by vigilance and vigor； to reduce to a game of certainty。 Heaven smiled upon the efforts of this righteous cavalier。 His men became soldiers at all points and terrors to the Moors。 The good count never set forth on a ravage without observing the rites of confession； absolution； and communion； and obliging his followers to do the same。 Their banners were blessed by the holy friars whom he maintained in Alhama； and in
this way success was secured to his arms and he was enabled to lay waste the land of the heathen。〃
The fortress of Alhama （continues Fray Antonio Agapida） overlooked from its lofty site a great part of the fertile Vega； watered by the