len utterly into disuse。 The Vril…ya unite in a conviction of a future state； more felicitous and more perfect than the present。 If they have very vague notions of the doctrine of rewards and punishments； it is perhaps because they have no systems of rewards and punishments among themselves； for there are no crimes to punish； and their moral standard is so even that no An among 56them is； upon the whole； considered more virtuous than another。 If one excels； perhaps in one virtue； another equally excels in some other virtue； If one has his prevalent fault or infirmity； so also another has his。 In fact； in their extraordinary mode of life。 there are so few temptations to wrong； that they are good （according to their notions of goodness） merely because they live。 They have some fanciful notions upon the continuance of life； when once bestowed； even in the vegetable world； as the reader will see in the next chapter。
Chapter XIV。
Though； as I have said； the Vril…ya discourage all speculations on the nature of the Supreme Being； they appear to concur in a belief by which they think to solve that great problem of the existence of evil which has so perplexed the philosophy of the upper world。 They hold that wherever He has once given life； with the perceptions of that life； however faint it be； as in a plant； the life is never destroyed； it passes into new and improved forms； though not in this planet （differing therein from the ordinary doctrine of metempsychosis）； and that the living thing retains the sense of identity； so that it connects its past life with its future； and is 'conscious' of its progressive improvement in the scale of joy。 For they say that； without this assumption； they cannot； according to the lights of human reason vouchsafed to them； discover the perfect justice which must be a constituent quality of the All…Wise and the All…Good。 Injustice； they say； can only emanate from three causes： want of wisdom to perceive what is just； want of benevolence to desire； want of power to fulfill it； and that each of these three wants is incompatible in the All…Wise； the 57All…Good； the All…Powerful。 But that； while even in this life； the wisdom； the benevolence； and the power of the Supreme Being are sufficiently apparent to compel our recognition； the justice necessarily resulting from those attributes； absolutely requires another life； not for man only； but for every living thing of the inferior orders。 That； alike in the animal and the vegetable world； we see one individual rendered； by circumstances beyond its control； exceedingly wretched compared to its neighbours… one only exists as the prey of another… even a plant suffers from disease till it perishes prematurely； while the plant next to it rejoices in its vitality and lives out its happy life free from a pang。 That it is an erroneous analogy from human infirmities to reply by saying that the Supreme Being only acts by general laws； thereby making his own secondary causes so potent as to mar the essential kindness of the First Cause； and a still meaner and more ignorant conception of the All…Good； to dismiss with a brief contempt all consideration of justice for the myriad forms into which He has infused life； and assume that justice is only due to the single product of the An。 There is no small and no great in the eyes of the divine Life…Giver。 But once grant that nothing； however humble； which feels that it lives and suffers； can perish through the series of ages； that all its suffering here； if continuous from the moment of its birth to that of its transfer to another form of being； would be more brief compared with eternity than the cry of the new…born is compared to the whole life of a man； and once suppose that this living thing retains its sense of identity when so transformed （for without that sense it could be aware of no future being）； and though； indeed； the fulfilment of divine justice is removed from the scope of our ken； yet we have a right to assume it to be uniform and universal； and not varying and partial； as it would be if acting only upon general and secondary laws； because such perfect justice flows of necessity from perfectness of knowledge to conceive； perfectness of love to will； and perfectness of power to complete it。 58 However fantastic this belief of the Vril…ya may be； it tends perhaps to confirm politically the systems of government which； admitting different degrees of wealth； yet establishes perfect equality in rank； exquisite mildness in all relations and intercourse； and tenderness to all created things which the good of the community does not require them to destroy。 And though their notion of compensation to a tortured insect or a cankered flower may seem to some of us a very wild crotchet； yet； at least； is not a mischievous one； and it may furnish matter for no unpleasing reflection to think that within the abysses of earth； never lit by a ray from the material heavens； there should have penetrated so luminous a conviction of the ineffable goodness of the Creator… so fixed an idea that the general laws by which He acts cannot admit of any partial injustice or evil； and therefore cannot be comprehended without reference to their action over all space and throughout all time。 And since； as I shall have occasion to observe later； the intellectual conditions and social systems of this subterranean race comprise and harmonise great； and apparently antagonistic； varieties in philosophical doctrine and speculation which have from time to time been started； discussed； dismissed； and have re…appeared amongst thinkers or dreamers in the upper world；… so I may perhaps appropriately conclude this reference to the belief of the Vril…ya； that self…conscious or sentient life once given is indestructible among inferior creatures as well as in man； by an eloquent passage from the work of that eminent zoologist； Louis Agassiz； which I have only just met with； many years after I had committed to paper these recollections of the life of the Vril…ya which I now reduce into something like arrangement and form： 〃The relations which individual animals bear to one another are of such a character that they ought long ago to have been considered as sufficient proof that no organised being could ever have been called into existence by other agency than 59by the direct intervention of a reflective mind。 This argues strongly in favour of the existence in every animal of an immaterial principle similar to that which by its excellence and superior endowments places man so much above the animals； yet the principle unquestionably exists； and whether it be called sense； reason； or instinct； it presents in the whole range of organised beings a series of phenomena closely linked together； and upon it are based not only the higher manifestations of the mind； but the very permanence of the specific differences which characterise every organism。 Most of the arguments in favour of the immortality of man apply equally to the permanency of this principle in other living beings。 May I not add that a future life in which man would be deprived of that great source of enjoyment and intellectual and moral improvement which results from the contemplation of the harmonies of an organic world would involve a lamentable loss？ And may we not look to a spiritual concert of the combined worlds and ALL their inhabitants in the presence of their Creator as the highest conception of paradise？〃… 'Essay on Classification；' sect。 xvii。 p。 97…99。
Chapter XV。
Kind to me as I found all in this household； the young daughter of my host was the most considerate and thoughtful in her kindness。 At her suggestion I laid aside the habiliments in which I had descended from the upper earth； and adopted the dress of the Vril…ya； with the exception of the artful wings which served them； when on foot； as a graceful mantle。 But as many of the Vril…ya； when occupied in urban pursuits； did not wear these wings； this exception created no marked difference between myself and the race among whom I sojourned； and I was thus enabled to visit the town without exciting unpleasant 60curiosity。 Out of the household no one suspected that I had come from the upper world； and I was but regarded as one of some inferior and barbarous tribe whom Aph…Lin entertained as a guest。
The city was large in proportion to the territory round it； which was of no greater extent than many an English or Hungarian nobleman's estate； but the whole if it； to the verge of the rocks which constituted its boundary； was cultivated to the nicest degree； except where certain allotments of mountain and pasture were humanely left free to the sustenance of the harmless animals they had tamed； though not for domestic use。 So great is their kindness towards these humbler creatures； that a sum is devoted from the public treasury for the purpose of deporting them to other Vril…ya communities willing to receive them （chiefly new colonies）； whenever they become too numerous for the pastures allotted to them in their native place。 They do not； however； multiply to an extent comparable to the ratio at which； with us； animals bred for slaughter； increase。 It seems a law of nature that animals not useful to man gradual